采用多重标准方法研究手工开采金矿对生物多样性丰富的社区保护区的影响:哥伦比亚案例研究

F. Gomez, Natalia Pelegri, Juan Guillermo Lopez, Kelly Cristina Torres, M. Vaccari
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引用次数: 0

摘要

使用汞的手工小规模采金业(ASGM)影响了哥伦比亚西米塔拉河谷农民保护区(ZRC-VRC)中具有高度生物多样性的森林(CoS)和湖泊(CoH)的社区保护协议。本研究采用多重标准方法 (MCA) 分析手工和小规模采金业的影响。该分析基于保护 CoS 和 CoH 区域的社区环境协议、这些区域的生态重要性以及 Cimitarra 河流域的汞散布结果,在采矿区下游 40 公里处的 Cimitarra 河中发现的汞浓度为 0.09 µgTHg L-1,Cimitarra 河中发现的汞浓度为 0.07 µgTHg L-1,Cimitarra 河中发现的汞浓度为 0.07 µgTHg L-1。此外,自 2020 年以来,CoS 地区的森林砍伐量增加,森林覆盖面积减少了 1.8%(990 公顷),其中 693 公顷的森林覆盖面积减少与新矿区的开设有关。多重标准分析表明,主要影响来自社会和武装冲突标准,其次是森林砍伐。这项研究提出了降低影响分数的建议,如实施 ZRC-VRC 的可持续发展计划 (PDS),并强调迫切需要保护社区保护区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of Artisanal Gold Mining in Community Conserved Areas with High Biodiversity Using a Multi-Criteria Approach: A Case Study in Colombia
Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) using mercury affects community agreements for the conservation of forests (CoS) and lakes (CoH), which have a high level of biodiversity in the Peasant Reserve Zone of the Cimitarra River Valley (ZRC-VRC) in Colombia. In this research, a multi-criteria approach (MCA) was applied to analyze the impact of ASGM. This analysis is based on the community environmental agreements to preserve CoS and CoH areas, the ecological importance of these areas, as well as the results of mercury dispersion in the Cimitarra river basin, with concentrations found 40 km downstream of the mining area of 0.09 µgTHg L−1 in the Cimitarra river, 0.07 µgTHg L−1 in the CoH, and 0.01 mgTHg kg−1 in the tissues of macrophytes, as well as the increase in deforestation since 2020 in the CoS, due to a 1.8% (990 ha) loss of forest cover, with 693 ha of the forest cover loss coinciding with areas related to the opening of new mines. The MCA showed that the main impact is found within the criterion Social and armed conflict, followed by Deforestation. This research offers recommendations to reduce impact scores, such as the implementation of a sustainable development plan (PDS) of the ZRC-VRC, and it highlights the urgent need to safeguard the community conservation areas.
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