基于有限元法的复杂胎面花纹轮胎振动特性及影响因素分析

Machines Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI:10.3390/machines12060386
Mengdi Xu, Yunfei Ge, Xianbin Du, Zhaohong Meng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

轮胎振动对汽车的乘坐舒适性和噪音水平有很大影响;然而,目前对轮胎振动特性的分析往往涉及模型的过度简化,导致模型精度降低。为了分析轮胎振动特性及其设计和使用条件的影响,我们开发了一种组合建模技术,以构建具有复杂胎面花纹的 205/55R16 规格子午线轮胎的三维(3D)有限元模型。模拟模型的准确性和可靠性通过振动模式测试得到了验证。基于振动模态理论,采用 ABAQUS 提供的 Lanczos 方法分析了轮胎在自由充气和接地条件下的模态特性,并分析了不同充气压力、载荷、工作条件和带帘线角度对轮胎振动特性的影响。结果表明,接地约束会抑制轮胎的低阶径向模态频率,提高横向模态频率。轮胎振动模式的阶数越高,充气压力的影响就越大。随着工作条件的变化,各个方向的模态频率具有相同的变化趋势,随着地面载荷的增加,轮胎在较低的侧向频率下容易发生错位。轮胎的径向和横向接地模态受到带束层中帘线角度变化的轻微影响,但圆周接地频率随着带束层角度的增加而降低。这些研究成果为复杂胎面花纹轮胎的结构设计提供了重要依据,同时也为解决轮胎匹配过程中遇到的振动和舒适性问题提供了参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of Vibration Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Complex Tread Pattern Tires Based on Finite Element Method
The vibration of the tires significantly impacts a vehicle’s ride comfort and noise level; however, the current analysis of tire vibration characteristics often involves excessive simplification in their models, leading to a reduction in model accuracy. To analyze the tire vibrational properties and the influence of its design and service conditions, a combined modeling technology was developed to construct a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a 205/55R16 specification radial tire with intricate tread patterns. The accuracy and reliability of the simulation model was verified through vibration modal tests. Based on the vibration mode theory, the Lanczos method provided by ABAQUS was adopted to analyze the modal characteristics of the tire under free inflation and grounded conditions, and the effects of different inflation pressures, loads, operating conditions, and belt cord angles on the tire vibration characteristics were analyzed. The results indicate that grounding constraints will suppress the low order radial modal frequency of the tire and enhance the lateral modal frequency. The higher the order of the tire vibration mode, the greater the impact of inflation pressure. As the operating conditions change, the modal frequencies of all directions have the same trend of change, and as the ground load increases, the tire is prone to misalignment at lower lateral frequencies. The radial and lateral grounding modes of the tire are slightly affected by the change of the cord angle in the belt layer, but the circumferential grounding frequency decreases as the belt layer angle increases. These research findings offer a crucial foundation for the structural design of complex tread pattern tires, and also serve as a reference for addressing vibration and comfort issues encountered in the tire matching process.
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