Protective Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Testicular Histology in Rats Exposed via Chronic Mosquito Coil Smoke Inhalation.

Objective: To determine the preventive effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the testicular histology of rats exposed chronically to mosquito coil smoke.

Study design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to December 2020.

Methodology: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. Group A was the healthy control. Group B rats were exposed to allethrin-based mosquito coil smoke for 12 weeks (4 hours/day). Group C rats received coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, 10mg/kg/day) through oral gavage, in addition to 12 weeks of mosquito coil smoke exposure (4 hours/day). At the end of the study, testicular histology was compared among three groups including the germinal epithelium height, seminiferous tubule diameter, and testicular capsule thickness, while adjusting for the body weight variations among rats.

Results: The rats in Group B, exposed only to mosquito coil smoke showed testicular disruption, characterised by dilated seminiferous tubules (p <0.001), reduced germinal epithelial height (p <0.001), and thickened testicular capsule (p <0.007), as compared to the control group rats. However, the germinal epithelium height (p = 0.73) and testicular capsule thickness (p = 0.31) of rats receiving CoQ10 in addition to mosquito coil smoke inhalation were not significantly different from the control group.

Conclusion: Prolonged inhalation of allethrin-based mosquito coil smoke can cause testicular disruption among rats. The oral CoQ10 administration can effectively prevent the histomorphological adverse effects on the testis among rats exposed to mosquito coil smoke.

Key words: Allethrin, Coenzyme Q10, Germinal epithelium, Mosquito coil, Seminiferous tubules, Testicular capsule.