量子淬火与经典淬火以及波包拓宽

IF 0.8 4区 教育学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
K. Schönhammer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当粒子运动的势能突然改变(称为淬火)时,一维量子力学概率密度的时间依赖性就会呈现出来。研究主要针对量子淬火,但与经典统计力学框架下的动力学结果进行比较也很有用。当初始势和最终势都是谐振子时,将给出分析结果。当最终电势消失时,问题就简化为波包展宽。文中简单介绍了维格纳函数的概念,这有助于更好地理解一般波包的动力学。文中指出了高斯波包展宽的特殊性,这是量子力学教科书中通常介绍的唯一例子。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Quantum versus classical quenches and the broadening of wave packets
The time dependence of one-dimensional quantum mechanical probability densities is presented when the potential in which a particle moves is suddenly changed, called a quench. Quantum quenches are mainly addressed, but a comparison with results for the dynamics in the framework of classical statistical mechanics is useful. Analytical results are presented when the initial and final potentials are harmonic oscillators. When the final potential vanishes, the problem reduces to the broadening of wave packets. A simple introduction to the concept of the Wigner function is presented, which allows a better understanding of the dynamics of general wave packets. It is pointed out how special the broadening of Gaussian wave packets is, the only example usually presented in quantum mechanics textbooks.
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来源期刊
American Journal of Physics
American Journal of Physics 物理-物理:综合
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
11.10%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The mission of the American Journal of Physics (AJP) is to publish articles on the educational and cultural aspects of physics that are useful, interesting, and accessible to a diverse audience of physics students, educators, and researchers. Our audience generally reads outside their specialties to broaden their understanding of physics and to expand and enhance their pedagogical toolkits at the undergraduate and graduate levels.
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