肥胖与口腔健康:脂肪因子与牙周炎之间的联系

TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI:10.17925/EE.2024.20.1.7
Ana Checa-Ros, Wei-Chung Hsueh, Belén Merck, Henry González-Torres, Valmore Bermúdez, Luis D'Marco
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引用次数: 0

摘要

牙周炎是牙周或牙齿周围支持组织的一种慢性炎症性疾病。这种疾病与不同的风险因素有关,如牙菌斑和牙结石的存在、吸烟、社会经济地位低下以及宿主的免疫状态。重要的是,牙周炎产生的慢性炎症环境可能导致牙齿脱落和多种全身并发症,如心血管疾病、骨关节炎和代谢性疾病。最近的研究支持肥胖是牙周炎的一个风险因素。此外,研究还发现肥胖会影响牙周治疗后的愈合;然而,这种关联的机制还不十分清楚。被称为 "脂肪因子 "的蛋白质可能是肥胖与牙周炎的关联因素。脂肪因子是一种生物活性分子,具有荷尔蒙特性,结构类似于由脂肪组织产生的细胞因子。虽然脂肪因子既有促炎作用也有抗炎作用,但当脂肪组织发生病变时,脂肪因子的作用就会转向促炎作用,这一点在肥胖症或脂肪病等疾病的发展过程中可以观察到。本文回顾了脂肪因子在牙周炎的病理生理学和发展过程中的作用,重点探讨了脂肪因子对炎症的影响以及脂肪因子导致牙周炎发生和发展的分子机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Obesity and Oral Health: The Link Between Adipokines and Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium, or the supportive tissues around the tooth. This disease has been related to different risk factors, such as the presence of plaque and calculus, tobacco smoking, low socioeconomic status, and the immune state of the host. Importantly, the chronic inflammatory environment generated by periodontitis may lead to tooth loss and diverse systemic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis and metabolic disease. Recent investigations have supported the role of obesity as a risk factor for periodontitis. Furthermore, studies have found obesity to compromise healing after periodontal therapy; however, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. Proteins called 'adipokines' could be the factor linking obesity to periodontitis. Adipokines are bioactive molecules with hormonal properties and a structure similar to cytokines produced by the adipose tissue. Although adipokines have both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects, the shift towards pro-inflammatory actions occurs when the adipose tissue becomes pathological, as observe in the progression of conditions such as obesity or adiposopathy. This article reviews the role of adipokines in the pathophysiology and progression of periodontitis by focusing on their impact on inflammation and the molecular mechanisms through which adipokines contribute to the onset and development of periodontitis.

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