乌克兰葡萄酒产业:现状和地区扩张前景

Н. І. Кара, С. М. Пенгрин
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摘要

该农产工业部门的潜力。研究了乌克兰工业葡萄园面积的变化动态,分析了葡萄园数量减少的原因。研究了乌克兰葡萄酒产量的动态变化,包括研究期间产量大幅下降的主要原因。对两种动态的结果进行了比较,以形成概括。确定了乌克兰出口到国外市场的三类葡萄酒,包括起泡葡萄酒、瓶装葡萄酒和散装葡萄酒。对每个类别的出口量进行了研究,并对其进行了比较分析,以确定起泡葡萄酒类别中的优先类别和主要生产商。对葡萄酒出口结构进行了详细分析,确定了乌克兰葡萄酒出口的主要贸易伙伴国;德国和哈萨克斯坦是乌克兰葡萄酒的固定进口国。报告还指出了乌克兰葡萄酒产品出口市场的变化。查明了乌克兰葡萄酒业遭受损失的主要原因。提出了乌克兰具有葡萄种植前景的新地区,包括 Podillia、Naddniprianshchyna 和 Halychyna。对这些地区的主要酿酒商进行了分析,包括他们的产量、种植的主要葡萄品种、小气候以及考虑到自然资源的特殊性。对这些酿酒厂种植葡萄的土壤进行了分析,描述了其对葡萄种植的影响和适宜性。考虑了所研究地区的平均有效温度总和框架。就葡萄成熟期而言,建议在这些地区种植哪些葡萄品种,主要是白葡萄和粉红葡萄品种。对这些地区提高产量的经济效果进行了假设。这将主要带动旅游业的发展,并为当地农村人口创造更多就业机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ВИНОРОБНА ПРОМИСЛОВІСТЬ УКРАЇНИ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗШИРЕННЯ
potential of this sector of agro-industry. The dynamics of changes in the area of industrial vineyards in Ukraine are investigated, and the reasons for the reduction in the number of vineyards are analyzed. The dynamics of wine production in Ukraine are considered, including the main reasons for significant reductions during the studied period. The results of both dynamics are compared to form generalizations. Three categories of wine exported by Ukraine to foreign markets are identified, including sparkling wine, bottled wine, and bulk wine. The volumes of exports for each category are examined, and their comparative analysis is conducted to determine the priority category and the main producers in the sparkling wine category. A detailed analysis of the wine export structure is carried out, identifying the main trading partner countries where Ukrainian wines are exported; Germany and Kazakhstan are constant importing countries. Changes in export markets for Ukrainian wine products are also noted. The main reason for the losses suffered by the Ukrainian wine industry is identified. New regions of Ukraine that are promising for grape growing are proposed, including Podillia, Naddniprianshchyna, and Halychyna. An analysis of the main winemakers in these regions is conducted, including their production volumes, the main grape varieties grown, microclimate, and the specificity of their location considering natural resources. An analysis of the soils on which these wineries grow grapes is conducted, describing their influence and suitability for grape growing. The framework of average sum of active temperatures specified in the studied regions is considered. Recommendations are made regarding which grape varieties, in terms of ripening period, should be grown in these regions, primarily white and pink grape varieties. Assumptions are made about the economic effect of increasing production volumes in these regions. This will primarily lead to the development of tourism and create more job opportunities for local rural populations.
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