Morphogenetic and growth factors in damaging to the dentin-pulp complex and periodontium

Morphogenetic and growth molecules, a key participant in reparative dentinogenesis, determine viability of the dentin-pulp complex (DPC), periodontium and dentogingival junction. They are secreted in microvessels, nerve fibers and connective tissue cells of the dental pulp, exerting homeostatic influence on the immediate surrounding. The present paper reviews the data on the localization of growth factors and signaling mechanisms that control histogenesis and reparative processes in the DPC. The paper points out the significance of these factors in the regulation of proinflammatory and immunocompetent cells in caries, periodontitis and osteoinductive processes in the alveolar outgrowth. The study of growth molecules appears crucial in the development of the latest clinical strategies to maintain the viability of the DPC and to integrate artificial materials in dental tissue restoration.