德语指示代词对话语和句子主题的敏感度不同

IF 1.5 Q2 COMMUNICATION
Timo Buchholz, Klaus von Heusinger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

德语有两个示意代词系列:短代词 der、die、das 和长代词 dieser、diese、dieses。这两种形式都可以隐喻使用,它们与人称代词er、sie、es的不同之处在于,当话语提供了不同的潜在先行词时,它们指的是话语中不那么突出的先行词。在德语句子中,示意代词通常用在动词前的位置,即话题位置。因此,它们被认为是话题转换器(从非话题前置句到当前句子中的话题论据)。然而,der 可以重复,产生话题链,从而指回话题前件,而 dieser 却不是这种情况。在本文中,我们认为 der 和 dieser 都有助于话题管理,但它们的作用方式不同:der 是句子话题的标记,而 dieser 是话语话题转换的标记。我们介绍了两个实验的结果,这两个实验比较了人称代词和指示代词在句子话题或话语话题中的使用。首先,两个实验都表明,人称代词对其前置词的任何一种拓扑结构都不敏感。其次,实验 1 表明,两个示范代词都喜欢话语主题和句子主题发生转换的语境。第三,实验 2 显示,只有 dieser 才喜欢话语主题发生变化的语境,但 der 对话语的 topichood 并不敏感。我们认为实验结果支持了我们的观点,即这两个指示代词具有不同的话语功能:der 标记一个句子话题,而 dieser 是话语话题的转移者(和标记者)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
German demonstrative pronouns differ in their sensitivity to discourse and sentence topics
German has two demonstrative pronoun series: the short form der, die, das, and the long form dieser, diese, dieses. Both forms can be used anaphorically, and they contrast with the personal pronouns er, sie, es in that they refer to an antecedent that is less prominent at that point in the discourse when the discourse provides different potential antecedents. Demonstrative pronouns are typically used in the preverbal position in a German sentence, i.e., the topic position. Thus, they are assumed to be topic shifters (from a non-topical antecedent to the topical argument in the current sentence). However, der can be repeated, yielding topic chains, thus referring back to a topical antecedent, while this is not the case for dieser. In this article, we argue that der and dieser both contribute to topic management, but they do this in different ways: der is a marker of a sentence topic, while dieser is a marker of discourse topic shift. We present the results of two experiments that compare the use of personal pronouns with either demonstrative pronoun manipulating sentence topic or discourse topic. First, both experiments show that the personal pronoun is not sensitive to either type of topichood of its antecedent. Second, Experiment 1 shows that both demonstrative pronouns prefer a context where discourse topic and sentence topic are shifted. Third, Experiment 2 shows that only dieser prefers a context with a shifted discourse topic, but der is not sensitive to discourse topichood alone. We take the results as supporting our claim that the two demonstratives have different discourse functions: der marks a sentence topic, while dieser is a shifter (and marker) of the discourse topic.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
8.30%
发文量
284
审稿时长
14 weeks
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