人类癌症中 miRNA 与信号通路之间的串扰:潜在的治疗意义

3区 生物学 Q1 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Ritu Shekhar, Sujata Kumari, Satyam Vergish, Prajna Tripathi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们越来越认识到,微小核糖核酸(miRNA)是调控真核生物生理过程的核心参与者。这些小型双链 RNA 分子已成为错综复杂的细胞信号通路网络中的关键调控因子,在人类癌症的发生和发展过程中发挥着重要作用。miRNA 介导的信号通路调控的核心主题涉及它们靶向和调控通路成分表达的能力。miRNA 的异常表达可以促进或抑制关键的信号转导事件,影响增殖、凋亡、血管生成和转移等关键的细胞过程。例如,致癌 miRNA 常常通过靶向信号通路的肿瘤抑制因子或负调控因子来促进癌症进展,从而增强信号通路的活性。相反,抑制肿瘤的 miRNA 常常通过靶向这些通路中的关键成分来抑制致癌信号转导。这种复杂的调控串扰凸显了 miRNA 在塑造癌细胞信号通路中的重要作用。此外,以癌症中的 miRNA 为靶点的治疗意义重大。miRNA 可通过操作恢复正常信号通路的活性,为精准医疗提供了潜在的途径。基于 miRNA 的疗法,包括合成 miRNA 模拟物和 miRNA 抑制剂的开发,已在临床前和临床研究中显示出前景。这些策略旨在增强抑制肿瘤的 miRNA 的活性或抑制致癌 miRNA 的功能,从而恢复平衡的信号传导并阻止癌症进展。总之,人类癌症中 miRNA 与信号通路之间的相互影响是癌症生物学中一个动态且有影响力的方面。了解这种相互作用为了解癌症的发展和进程提供了宝贵的信息。利用 miRNA 作为信号通路调控因子的治疗潜力,为开发有可能改善患者预后的创新癌症疗法提供了令人兴奋的机会。在本章中,我们将概述癌症中 miRNA 与信号通路之间的相互影响,并强调针对这种调控相互作用的潜在治疗意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers: Potential therapeutic implications.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as central players in the regulation of eukaryotic physiological processes. These small double stranded RNA molecules have emerged as pivotal regulators in the intricate network of cellular signaling pathways, playing significant roles in the development and progression of human cancers. The central theme in miRNA-mediated regulation of signaling pathways involves their ability to target and modulate the expression of pathway components. Aberrant expression of miRNAs can either promote or suppress key signaling events, influencing critical cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. For example, oncogenic miRNAs often promote cancer progression by targeting tumor suppressors or negative regulators of signaling pathways, thereby enhancing pathway activity. Conversely, tumor-suppressive miRNAs frequently inhibit oncogenic signaling by targeting key components within these pathways. This complex regulatory crosstalk underscores the significance of miRNAs as central players in shaping the signaling landscape of cancer cells. Furthermore, the therapeutic implications of targeting miRNAs in cancer are substantial. miRNAs can be manipulated to restore normal signaling pathway activity, offering a potential avenue for precision medicine. The development of miRNA-based therapeutics, including synthetic miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors, has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies. These strategies aim to either enhance the activity of tumor-suppressive miRNAs or inhibit the function of oncogenic miRNAs, thereby restoring balanced signaling and impeding cancer progression. In conclusion, the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers is a dynamic and influential aspect of cancer biology. Understanding this interplay provides valuable insights into cancer development and progression. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of miRNAs as regulators of signaling pathways opens up exciting opportunities for the development of innovative cancer treatments with the potential to improve patient outcomes. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in the context of cancer and highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting this regulatory interplay.

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来源期刊
International review of cell and molecular biology
International review of cell and molecular biology BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-CELL BIOLOGY
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology-both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research.
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