Modelling an ecosystem of business models in a circular value chain: the circular business ecosystem model canvas

To advance the circular economy, there is a need to take an ecosystem view of business models for circularity in which different actors interact dynamically to create economic, environmental and social value. This research introduces the Circular Business Ecosystem Model Canvas, a novel method to prototype a circular ecosystem of business models. The case of ferric chloride, an inorganic coagulant for wastewater treatment, is used to demonstrate the new canvas and show how it supports the development of a more holistic perspective on sustainability-oriented business model innovation.