Nano-carbon/PIL modified cellulose wearable sensors by computer aided patterning

The conductive modification of cellulose substrates can be achieved through the attachment of nanocarbons (NCs), enabling the production of a wide range of wearable eco-friendly sensors. However, the economical fabrication of durable wearable devices on cellulose, without disrupting the conjugated structure of NCs, poses an enduring challenge. In this work, we report a stable dispersion system of NCs by using an imidazole type poly (ionic liquid) (PIL-Cl). Various kinds of cellulose substrates only require simple immersion in the dispersion liquid to attain conductivity. The paper and cotton fabric conductors fabricated in this manner exhibited exceptional flexibility, bendability, and electrical stability. We designed joint motion detectors with a large strain range (GF = 1.3) by origami, in which the electrical performance remained stable after undergoing 5000 cycles of maximum deformation (−50 %–150 %). Additionally, by utilizing computer aided technology, NCs-(PIL-Cl) system can create conductive patterns in any form. Based on this, we have manufactured a range of wearable electronic sensors, including masks for monitoring respiration, touch-sensitive circuits and information transmission devices on cotton clothing. This system provides a low-cost option for the fabrication of cellulose wearable sensors, suitable for large-scale production and applications.