Os vícios de motivação como causa do erro judiciário: um primeiro esboço

The purpose of this article is to examine the defects of the statement of reasons and its influence as a source of miscarriage of justice in contemporary criminal proceedings. To achieve this, in addition to identifying the main manifestations and typologies of these defects, it seeks to clarify how and in what way various inconsistencies in the fulfillment of the duty to state the reasons contribute to reinforce the judicial error and, consequently, to issue wrongful convictions to the detriment of innocent people. In this way, in the interest of answering questions such as what are the defects of the state reasons for judgments? what are its most characteristic features? and how do they materialize in the configuration of judicial error? the article concludes by proposing a series of criteria that could contribute to controlling the risk of error in this context.