An analysis of semaphorin-mediated cellular interactions in the Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis using the IR-LEGO single-cell gene induction system

One of the major functions of the semaphorin signaling system is the regulation of cell shape. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, membrane-bound semaphorins SMP-1/2 (SMPs) regulate the morphology of epidermal cells via their receptor plexin, PLX-1. In the larval male tail of the SMP-PLX-1 signaling mutants, the border between two epidermal cells, R1.p and R2.p, is displaced anteriorly, resulting in the anterior displacement of the anterior-most ray, ray 1, in the adult male. To elucidate how the intercellular signaling mediated by SMPs regulates the position of the intercellular border, we performed mosaic gene expression analyses by using infrared laser-evoked gene operator (IR-LEGO). We show that PLX-1 expressed in R1.p and SMP-1 expressed in R2.p are required for the proper positioning of ray 1. The result suggests that SMP signaling promotes extension, rather than retraction, of R1.p. This is in contrast to a previous finding that SMPs mediate inhibition of cell extension of vulval precursor cells, another group of epidermal cells of C. elegans, indicating the context dependence of cell shape control via the semaphorin signaling system.