Effects of Laser Pretreatment on the Formation of Nanostructured Carbon on the Surface of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride under High-Power Ion Beam Irradiation

The features of formation of surface morphology of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (pure and with the addition of the catalyst—ferrocene) under the influence of a high-power ion beam of nanosecond duration after the preliminary pulsed laser treatment of the polymer surface have been investigated. It was found that the morphology of the irradiated surface of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride after pulsed laser surface pretreatment differs significantly from the morphology of the irradiated surface of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride after preliminary stationary heat treatment. For pure chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, pulsed laser pretreatment with increasing power leads to an increase in the porosity of the surface layer after high-power ion beam irradiation, whereas different surface morphologies, including fibers (including polymer fibers) of different diameters, can be obtained for the pre-stationary thermal treatment of this polymer. Pre-stationary thermal pretreatment of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride with the addition of ferrocene (Fe(C₅H₅)₂) leads to a decrease in the diameter of the formed carbon nanofibers (with an increase in the treatment temperature). During the pulsed laser pretreatment, an increase in the porosity of the treated layer and a slight increase in the proportion of nanofibers of a larger diameter are observed. To explain the obtained differences for pulsed laser and stationary thermal pretreatment, the effect of polymer heating rate on the features of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride decomposition was analyzed.