自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中的先天性免疫功能障碍和神经炎症。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1176/appi.focus.24022004
H K Hughes, R J Moreno, P Ashwood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种高度异质性的神经发育障碍,以沟通和社交行为障碍为特征。自闭症谱系障碍通常伴有局限性和重复性行为,这些特征从轻微到严重不等。在过去的几十年中,ASD 的发病率显著上升。ASD 的病因仍然不明,但遗传和环境风险因素在其中发挥了作用。多种假设共同表明,神经炎症,或至少是免疫系统与神经系统之间的相互作用,可能与某些 ASD 病例或群体的病因有关。在 ASD 中反复出现先天性免疫功能障碍的证据,通常与行为恶化有关。这些证据包括人类和动物模型中循环髓系细胞和脑驻留巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞的数据。本综述介绍了 ASD 先天性免疫功能障碍的最新发现,包括先天性细胞功能异常、神经炎症证据和小胶质细胞活化。最初发表于《脑行为免疫》(Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:245-254)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Innate Immune Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by communication and social behavior deficits. The presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors often accompanies these deficits, and these characteristics can range from mild to severe. The past several decades have seen a significant rise in the prevalence of ASD. The etiology of ASD remains unknown; however, genetic and environmental risk factors play a role. Multiple hypotheses converge to suggest that neuroinflammation, or at least the interaction between immune and neural systems, may be involved in the etiology of some ASD cases or groups. Repeated evidence of innate immune dysfunction has been seen in ASD, often associated with worsening behaviors. This evidence includes data from circulating myeloid cells and brain resident macrophages/microglia in both human and animal models. This comprehensive review presents recent findings of innate immune dysfunction in ASD, including aberrant innate cellular function, evidence of neuroinflammation, and microglia activation. Appeared originally in Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:245-254.

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