A Laboratory Comparative Study of the Cytotoxic Effect of Bioceramic and Resin Based Root Canal Sealers

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of MTA Bioseal root canal sealer (Itena-clinical, Villepinte, France) with AH + epoxy resin-based sealer (Dentsply Sirona, Germany) and ADSEAL resin sealer (Meta Biomed, Korea). Methods: In sterile test tubes, the tested sealers were consecutively diluted twice. To evaluate the proper concentration where fibroblast cells would survive, extraction media were tempered many times using cell Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) following the ISO standards. The cytotoxic effect of concentrations used in the present study (12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) were evaluated by Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium (MTT) essay after 24, 72 hours, and one week using a human fibroblast cell line. Statistical analysis was performed by using One Way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey`s Post Hoc test for multiple comparisons. Results: AH Plus and MTA Bioseal showed generally similar behavior. The highest cytotoxicity was recorded for both sealers at conc.100mg/ml in the first 24 hours. Afterwards the mean percentage of cell viability increased progressively with the decrease in concentration. While ADSEAL showed a nearly constant cytotoxicity that is insignificantly affected by the time factor at the four experimental concentrations used in the study. Conclusion : AH Plus had the lowest cytotoxic effect followed by MTA Bioseal. However, both sealers showed parallel behavior of decreased cytotoxicity with increasing test time period. While ADSEAL had the highest cytotoxicity with statistically insignificant effect of time intervals or concentrations.