民主为何在非洲失败

A. D. Attoe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们常常被告知,民主是最好的政府形式。在非洲政治中,这种观点大多被奉为圭臬。令人惊讶的是,在非洲大陆的大部分地区,民主作为一种制度却大多以失败告终--大多数民主政府破坏了本应让其掌权的公民的授权,还因领导不力和腐败加剧了非洲大陆本已螺旋式上升的衰落。在这篇文章中,我以尼日利亚为主要研究案例,对大多数非洲国家民主失败的原因做出了解释。具体而言,我认为大众教育和错误的利己主义是限制非洲民主成功的罪魁祸首。我进一步提出,只有在公民的非正规教育中有正确的道德意识形态指导,公民获得适当的高质量正规教育以获得必要的技能并帮助他们做出明智的决定,以及公民从虚假的利己主义转向真正的利己主义(即忠于集体利益)时,非洲的民主才能得到挽救。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why democracy fails in Africa
Oftentimes, we have been informed that democracy is the best form of government possible. In African politics, this view has mostly been adopted and pursued as true. Surprisingly, democracy has mostly failed as a system in most parts of the continent—with most democratic governments undermining the mandates of the citizens who are supposed to have placed them in power, and also escalating the already spiralling decline of the continent through bad leadership and corruption. In this article, and with Nigeria as the primary case study, I offer explanations regarding why democracy fails in most African countries. Specifically, I argue that mass miseducation and false self‐interestedness are the main culprits that limit the success of democracy in Africa. I further propose that democracy in Africa can only be salvaged when there is proper moral ideology guiding the informal education of citizens, when citizens are offered proper quality formal education that would grant them the necessary skills and aid them to make informed decisions, and when citizens take a turn from false self‐interestedness to true self‐interestedness (which is fealty to collective interests).
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