秘鲁北部新近纪侵蚀表面和安第斯隆起

J. J. Wilson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

秘鲁中部安第斯山侧翼的特点是阶梯状剖面,涉及多达 20 个地表和山麓,这些地表和山麓是多次隆起和侵蚀的结果。研究区域也呈现出相同的地表和山麓序列。此外,秘鲁北部的东科迪勒拉山系也有侵蚀地貌。本报告的重点是海拔 2800-4700 米范围内最高的七个地貌。只有在南纬 6°-6.5° 以南,才有海拔 3800 米以上的四个地表遗迹,它们形成于 18-12Ma 之间。与西科迪勒拉山系相关的中新世成矿带在同一纬度上戛然而止。南纬 6° 以北地区没有任何海拔超过 3500 米的地貌,这被解释为隆起开始的时间较晚。它也没有任何岩浆活动的迹象。基于这些因素,中安第斯山脉被认为在南纬 6° 至 6° 处终止,北部的山脉被归入北安第斯山脉。南纬 6°以北地区的偶发性隆升一旦开始,就会以与南部地区相同的节奏持续下去。此外,可能是由于印加高原的俯冲作用,当正常的俯冲机制在 11Ma 左右转变为平板机制时,偶发性隆升的模式没有明显变化。侵蚀面的分布表明,偶发性隆升影响了秘鲁北部的整个安第斯地块。看来,各次隆升是同时发生的,并在整个山脊山脉的宽度上产生了相同的隆升量。此外,在这一过程中没有任何中断的迹象,这意味着从中新世开始,造山运动一直在持续。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neogene erosion surfaces and the Andean Uplift in Northern Peru
The Andean flank in central Peru is characterized by stepped profiles involving up to 20 surfaces and pediments resulting from multiple episodes of uplift and erosion. The study area exhibits the same sequence of surfaces and pediments. Moreover, the erosional features are also recognised in the Eastern Cordillera in northern Peru. This report focuses on the highest seven features in the range ∼2800-4700m. Remnants of the four surfaces at more than 3800m, which were formed during the interval ∼18-12Ma, are found only south of latitude 6°- 6.5°S. The Miocene metallogenic belt associated with the Western Cordillera terminates abruptly at that same latitude. The area north of ∼6°S. does not have any features higher than ∼3500m, which is interpreted as indicating a later initiation of uplift. It also lacks any sign of magmatic activity. On the basis of these factors the Central Andes are considered to terminate at ∼6°S, the ranges to the north being assigned to the Northern Andes. Once episodic uplift was initiated in the area north of 6°S it continued at the same rhythm as in the region to the south. Moreover, there was no apparent change in the pattern of episodic uplift when the normal subduction regime changed to a flat slab regime at ∼11Ma, probably as a result of the subduction of the Inca Plateau. The distribution of the erosion surfaces indicates that episodic uplift affected the whole of the Andean block in northern Peru. It appears that the individual episodes occurred simultaneously and produced the same amount of uplift over the whole width of the cordilleras. Moreover, there is no sign of any interruption in the process, implying continuous orogeny from the Middle Miocene onwards.
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