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引用次数: 0
摘要
野猪(Sus scrofa)的被毛通常呈均匀的棕色,但也观察到红色、棕色、黑色和白色等不同的颜色模式。然而,被毛颜色的多态性往往与家猪杂交有关。黑色素皮质素-1 受体(MC1R)基因和阿古提(ASIP)基因是研究最多的涉及哺乳动物色素沉着的基因。特别是,ASIP基因座的突变是造成背腹部色素差异的原因。这两个基因座中至少有一个基因座的多态性已在欧洲所有家畜品种中检测到,而野生型基因型几乎只在野猪中发现。因此,毛色多态性和 MC1R/ASIP 基因突变经常被用来检测野猪与家猪的杂交。本文首次记录了在意大利阿布鲁佐国家公园(Abruzzo National Park)的一头幼猪身上观察到的野猪背腹部毛色差异,这引起了人们对该保护区内可能存在野猪与家猪杂交的担忧。
First documented observation of differential dorsoventral coat colouration in wild boar Sus scrofa (Artyodactyla: Suidae) in Italy
Wild boar Sus scrofa usually shows a uniform brown coat, but different colour patterns have been observed with red, brown, black, and white morphs. Nevertheless, coat colour polymorphism is often associated with hybridization with domestic pigs. The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene and the agouti (ASIP) gene are the most studied genes involved in pigmentation in mammals. Particularly, mutations in the ASIP locus are responsible for a differential dorsoventral colouration. Polymorphisms in at least one of these two loci have been detected in all domestic breeds in Europe, while wild-type genotypes have almost exclusively been identified in wild boar. Therefore, coat colour polymorphism and MC1R/ASIP mutations are often used to detect wild/domestic hybrids. Here, the first documented observation of differential dorsoventral coat colouration in Sus scrofa in the wild is reported in a juvenile in Abruzzo National Park (Italy), raising some concerns about possible wild boar x domestic pig hybridization in this protected area.