生物分子凝聚物:从细菌区室到物质到生命转变过程中新兴化学系统的孵化器空间

IF 3.1 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Wade E. Schnorr, Prof. W. Seth Childers
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在前生物化学发展的初期,细菌细胞主要被视为 "分子袋"。 这种由来已久的观点影响并左右了早期关于生命起源的研究,在考虑从前生物化学到现代生命的道路时设定了最初的目标。系统化学和细菌细胞生物学这两个领域看似水乳交融,但各自都以自己的视角和方法来思考 "生命是什么"。 在此,我们回顾细菌细胞生物学的最新发现,重点关注生物分子凝聚体,探讨它们如何影响我们对物质到生命转变的思考。细菌生命领域中冷凝物区室的存在,加强了冷凝物在生命起源过程中协调化学系统作用的假设。研究表明,细菌凝聚体能够增强酶促反应、调整底物特异性,并对环境条件和代谢物做出反应。 系统化学研究进一步揭示了凝聚态内独特的化学环境,以及将化学过程与凝聚态的形成和溶解进行逻辑关联的策略。 我们认为生物分子凝聚态具有提供 "孵化器空间 "的潜力,新的化学物质可以在这里发展,并探讨了凝聚态产生能够进行选择的新兴化学系统的能力所面临的未来挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Biomolecular Condensates: From Bacterial Compartments to Incubator Spaces of Emergent Chemical Systems in Matter-to-Life Transitions

Biomolecular Condensates: From Bacterial Compartments to Incubator Spaces of Emergent Chemical Systems in Matter-to-Life Transitions

At the earliest development of prebiotic chemistry, bacterial cells were primarily viewed as “bags of molecules.” This longstanding viewpoint shaped and biased early research about life's origins, setting an initial target when considering the path from prebiotic chemistry to modern life. The two fields of systems chemistry and bacterial cell biology seem like oil and water, but each brings their own perspectives and methods to consider “what is life?”. Here, we review the most recent discoveries in bacterial cell biology, focusing on biomolecular condensates to consider how they may impact our thinking of matter-to-life transitions. The presence of condensate compartments in the bacterial domain of life strengthens the hypothesis that condensates play roles in coordinating chemical systems in life's origins. Bacterial condensates have been shown to enhance enzymatic reactions, tune substrate specificity, and be responsive to environmental conditions and metabolites. Systems chemistry studies have further illuminated the unique chemical environment within condensates and strategies for logically tying chemical processes to the formation and dissolution of condensates. We consider the potential of biomolecular condensates to provide “incubator spaces” where new chemistries can develop and examine future challenges regarding the capability of condensates to yield emergent chemical systems capable of selection.

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