俄罗斯高等教育领域实施高科技的负面影响

Anatoliy Stoletov
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摘要

引言现代社会的教育机构目前正处于与大规模引进高科技相关的严重转型过程中,这也是整个后工业社会的类似过程。人们越来越认识到社会和教育数字化的负面影响,同时也认识到这种变革的客观必要性。本文分析了俄罗斯高等教育数字化普及过程中产生的负面影响和问题。 研究方法和资料来源。研究方法基于对高等教育领域技术进步影响下社会环境和人类学因素转变的比较分析和推断方法。奈斯比特(J. Naisbitt)在其著作《高科技-高接触》(High Tech - High Touch:A.I. Stoletov 提出的广泛和密集型创造力概念是分析高科技对教育影响的概念基础。结果与讨论。我们研究了高等教育技术中毒的七种症状,这些症状代表了现代教育系统的主要风险、它们在教育过程中的表现形式以及在现有趋势持续存在的情况下的前景。 这些症状的表现形式之一是社会科技活动所固有的创造性的广泛性,它依赖于创新发展和对自然物质方面的掌握。新出现的创新进程的技术性特征,使与密集型创造力相关的活动变得不那么重要,而密集型创造力的目标是创造人类生存的意义和存在。结论。尽量减少负面影响的前提是加强教育中的人道主义内容,从而形成一种 "沉思的停顿" (格里戈里-波梅兰茨)的文化,正如 J. 奈斯比特本人所建议的那样,在这种文化中,技术将获得超越工具价值而进入伦理和存在价值领域的充实意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Negative Impacts of the High-Tech Implementation in the Russian Higher Education Sector
Introduction. The institute of education in modern society is currently in the process of  serious transformation associated with the large-scale introduction of high technologies,  which is due to a similar process in post-industrial society as a whole. There is a growing  understanding of the negative consequences of digitalization of society and education along  with the understanding of the objective necessity of such transformation. The article  contains an analysis of the negative consequences and problems arising in the course of the  spread of digitalization of higher education in Russia.  Methodology and sources. The methodology of the research is based on the methods of  comparative analysis and extrapolation of transformations of social environment and  anthropological factors under the influence of technological progress in the field of higher  education. The signs of “high technology poisoning” considered by J. Naisbitt in his book  “High Tech – High Touch: Technology and Our Search for Meaning” and the concept of  extensive and intensive types of creativity formulated by A.I. Stoletov are a conceptual basis  for analyzing the impact of high technology on education. Results and Discussion. Seven symptoms of technological poisoning in higher education,  representing the main risks of the modern educational system, their manifestations in the  educational process and prospects in case the existing trend persists, have been considered.  One of the sources of manifestation of these symptoms is the extensive character of creativity  inherent in scientific and technological activity of the society, which stakes on innovative  development and mastering of material aspects of nature. The technogenic character of the  emerging innovation process levels out the activities associated with the intensive type of  creativity, aimed at the meaning-creating and existential aspects of human existence. Conclusion. Minimization of negative consequences presupposes the strengthening of the  humanitarian component in education, allowing to form a culture of “pause of  contemplation” (Grigory Pomerantz), in which technology will acquire, as it was suggested  by J. Naisbitt himself, a fullness of meaning that goes beyond instrumental values into the  realm of ethical and existential ones.
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