在生长季节保护窄叶羽扇豆免受病害侵袭的前景杀菌剂

Agricultural Science Euro-North-East Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.30766/2072-9081.2024.25.2.19-206

L. I. Pimokhova, G. Yagovenko, Zhanna Tsarapneva, N. Misnikova

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引用次数: 0

摘要

文章介绍了针对炭疽病和其他羽扇豆病害的杀菌剂 Protazox SC（悬浮浓缩剂）的实验室和田间试验结果。试验于 2020-2022 年在布良斯克州进行。研究对象是窄叶羽扇豆 Vityaz 品种的幼苗和无性系植株。在实验室条件下，测试了杀菌剂 Protazox SC（唑螨酯 + 丙硫菌唑 + 双环唑，200 + 125 + 60 克/升）在 0.5、1.0 和 1.5 升/公顷用量下的保护和治疗效果。与对照变体（不含杀菌剂）相比，根据纸塑卷中受感染秧苗的数量来评估生物有效性。杀菌剂的最大用量（1.5 升/公顷）具有最高的保护和治疗生物效果（98.7 % 和 97.4 %）；这与使用量为 0.4 升/公顷的参考杀菌剂 Kolosal Pro 的效果相当。在一项田间试验中，在羽扇豆 "1-2 对真叶 "和 "花蕾形成 "的生长阶段，对羽扇豆作物施用了使用量为 1.5 升/公顷的杀菌剂 Protazox。与未施用杀菌剂的对照组相比，对杀菌剂的效果进行了评估。测试的杀菌剂对炭疽病的生物有效性为 95.8%，比参考杀菌剂 Kolosal Pro 高出 4.5%。到了 "闪亮豆荚 "阶段，使用杀菌剂 Protazox 处理的豆荚中感染炭疽病的数量下降到 1.5%，而对照变种的这一比例为 26.5%。植株的镰刀菌感染率从对照的 24.6% 降至使用杀菌剂的变种的 12.0%。豆类灰腐病和白腐病的蔓延分别减少了 5.0 倍和 6.7 倍。到收获期，高产植株的存活率提高了 41.3%。由于使用了杀菌剂 Protazox SC（1.5 升/公顷），窄叶羽扇豆种子产量显著增加了 0.91 吨/公顷（LSD05 = 0.04）；成本回收为 2.56 卢布。

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A perspective fungicide for protection of narrow-leaved lupin from diseases during the growth season

The article presents the laboratory and field tests results for the effectiveness of the fungicide Protazox SC (suspension concentrate) against anthracnose and other lupin diseases. The tests have been done in Bryansk region in 2020–2022. The study objects were seedlings and vegetative plants of the narrow-leaved lupin Vityaz variety. The effectiveness of protective and curative properties of the fungicide Protazox SC (azoxistrobine + protioconazole + dipheconazole, 200 + 125 + 60 g/l) was tested for 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 l/ha consumption rates under laboratory conditions. The biological effectiveness was evaluated according to the number of infected seedlings grown in paper-and-plastic rolls compared to the control variant (fungicide free). The maximal rate of the fungicide – 1.5 l/ha – had the highest biological effectiveness of protective and curative properties (98.7 and 97.4 %); this corresponds to the effectiveness of the reference fungicide Kolosal Pro with the using rate of 0.4 l/ha. In a field test the fungicide Protazox at using rate of 1.5 l/ha was applied for lupin crops at the growing stages of “1-2 pairs of true leaves” and “bud formation” of lupin. The fungicide effectiveness was evaluated compared to the control without treatment. Biological effectiveness of the tested fungicide against anthracnose made 95.8 %, it was 4.5 % higher than of the reference fungicide Kolosal Pro. To the stage of “shiny pod” the number of anthracnose infected pods treated with the fungicide Protazox decreased to 1.5 % compared to 26.5 % in the control variant. Fusarium infection of plants decreased from 24.6 % in the control to 12.0 % in the variant with the fungicide. The spread of gray and white rot on beans decreased by 5.0 and 6.7 times, respectively. The viability of productive plants by the harvesting period increased by 41.3 %. Thanks to the application of the fungicide Protazox SC (1.5 l/ha) the significant narrow-leaved lupin seed yield rise of 0.91 t/ha was obtained (LSD05 = 0.04); the cost recovery was 2.56 rubles.

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Agricultural Science Euro-North-East

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