{"title":"葡萄膜黑色素瘤:预后、治疗和潜在发展的现有证据","authors":"Maria Chiara Gelmi, Martine J. Jager","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100060","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uveal Melanoma (UM) is a rare disease, yet it is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adult patients. Despite continuous advancements and research, the risk of metastasis remains high. It is possible to stratify patients according to their risk of metastases using a variety of known risk factors. Even though there is no gold standard for the prognostication of patients with uveal melanoma, it is becoming increasingly clear that combining histo-pathological, patient-related and molecular prognostic markers allows a more accurate prediction of the metastatic risk than by using one parameter. Primary UM in the eye are treated very effectively with eye-sparing radiation-based techniques or enucleation. However, it is not yet possible to prevent or treat metastases with the current therapeutic options. Nonetheless, the efforts to find new therapeutic targets continue and progress is being made, especially in the field of targeted therapy, as exemplified by the anti-gp100 bispecific molecule Tebentafusp. This review delves into the history of uveal melanoma, its incidence, presentation and diagnosis, the known prognostic factors and the treatment options, both for the primary tumour and for metastases. We show that different populations may have different risks for developing UM, and that each country should evaluate their own patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000550/pdfft?md5=370aeec9463fd109397c6f3e37edc461&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000550-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Uveal melanoma: Current evidence on prognosis, treatment and potential developments\",\"authors\":\"Maria Chiara Gelmi, Martine J. Jager\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100060\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Uveal Melanoma (UM) is a rare disease, yet it is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adult patients. Despite continuous advancements and research, the risk of metastasis remains high. It is possible to stratify patients according to their risk of metastases using a variety of known risk factors. Even though there is no gold standard for the prognostication of patients with uveal melanoma, it is becoming increasingly clear that combining histo-pathological, patient-related and molecular prognostic markers allows a more accurate prediction of the metastatic risk than by using one parameter. Primary UM in the eye are treated very effectively with eye-sparing radiation-based techniques or enucleation. However, it is not yet possible to prevent or treat metastases with the current therapeutic options. Nonetheless, the efforts to find new therapeutic targets continue and progress is being made, especially in the field of targeted therapy, as exemplified by the anti-gp100 bispecific molecule Tebentafusp. This review delves into the history of uveal melanoma, its incidence, presentation and diagnosis, the known prognostic factors and the treatment options, both for the primary tumour and for metastases. We show that different populations may have different risks for developing UM, and that each country should evaluate their own patients.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8594,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"volume\":\"13 2\",\"pages\":\"Article 100060\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000550/pdfft?md5=370aeec9463fd109397c6f3e37edc461&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000550-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000550\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OPHTHALMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000550","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是一种罕见疾病,但却是成年患者中最常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤。尽管研究在不断进步,但其转移风险仍然很高。利用各种已知的风险因素,可以根据转移风险对患者进行分层。尽管目前还没有葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者预后的金标准,但人们越来越清楚地认识到,将组织病理学、患者相关和分子预后标志物结合起来,比使用一种参数更能准确预测转移风险。眼部原发性 UM 可通过保眼放射技术或去核术得到非常有效的治疗。然而,目前的治疗方法还无法预防或治疗转移。尽管如此,寻找新治疗靶点的努力仍在继续,并且正在取得进展,尤其是在靶向治疗领域,抗gp100双特异性分子Tebentafusp就是一个很好的例子。本综述深入探讨了葡萄膜黑色素瘤的历史、发病率、表现和诊断、已知的预后因素以及原发肿瘤和转移瘤的治疗方案。我们指出,不同人群罹患葡萄膜黑色素瘤的风险可能不同,每个国家都应该对本国患者进行评估。
Uveal melanoma: Current evidence on prognosis, treatment and potential developments
Uveal Melanoma (UM) is a rare disease, yet it is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adult patients. Despite continuous advancements and research, the risk of metastasis remains high. It is possible to stratify patients according to their risk of metastases using a variety of known risk factors. Even though there is no gold standard for the prognostication of patients with uveal melanoma, it is becoming increasingly clear that combining histo-pathological, patient-related and molecular prognostic markers allows a more accurate prediction of the metastatic risk than by using one parameter. Primary UM in the eye are treated very effectively with eye-sparing radiation-based techniques or enucleation. However, it is not yet possible to prevent or treat metastases with the current therapeutic options. Nonetheless, the efforts to find new therapeutic targets continue and progress is being made, especially in the field of targeted therapy, as exemplified by the anti-gp100 bispecific molecule Tebentafusp. This review delves into the history of uveal melanoma, its incidence, presentation and diagnosis, the known prognostic factors and the treatment options, both for the primary tumour and for metastases. We show that different populations may have different risks for developing UM, and that each country should evaluate their own patients.
期刊介绍:
The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, a bimonthly, peer-reviewed online scientific publication, is an official publication of the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO), a supranational organization which is committed to research, training, learning, publication and knowledge and skill transfers in ophthalmology and visual sciences. The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology welcomes review articles on currently hot topics, original, previously unpublished manuscripts describing clinical investigations, clinical observations and clinically relevant laboratory investigations, as well as .perspectives containing personal viewpoints on topics with broad interests. Editorials are published by invitation only. Case reports are generally not considered. The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology covers 16 subspecialties and is freely circulated among individual members of the APAO’s member societies, which amounts to a potential readership of over 50,000.