SARS-CoV-2 的出现和演变

IF 8.1 1区医学 Q1 VIROLOGY

Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-093022-013037

Edward C. Holmes

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引用次数: 0

摘要

SARS-CoV-2 的起源引起了激烈的争论和强烈的指责，但似乎并没有得到什么解决。我回顾了有关 SARS-CoV-2 起源及其随后在人类中传播的科学证据。现有数据清楚地表明，SARS-CoV-2 是在武汉华南水产品批发市场内自然出现的人畜共患疾病，或与该市场密切相关。没有直接证据表明 SARS-CoV-2 的出现与武汉病毒研究所的实验室工作有关。随后，SARS-CoV-2 在全球的传播特点是逐渐适应人类，传播性和毒力双重增强，直到出现 Omicron 变种。值得注意的是，SARS-CoV-2 经常从人类传染给其他动物，这标志着它是一种具有强烈宿主通性的病毒。除非从 SARS-CoV-2 的起源中吸取教训，否则更多的人畜共患病事件将不可避免地导致更多的流行病和大流行病困扰人类。

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The Emergence and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2

The origin of SARS-CoV-2 has evoked heated debate and strong accusations, yet seemingly little resolution. I review the scientific evidence on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent spread through the human population. The available data clearly point to a natural zoonotic emergence within, or closely linked to, the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. There is no direct evidence linking the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 to laboratory work conducted at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. The subsequent global spread of SARS-CoV-2 was characterized by a gradual adaptation to humans, with dual increases in transmissibility and virulence until the emergence of the Omicron variant. Of note has been the frequent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to other animals, marking it as a strongly host generalist virus. Unless lessons from the origin of SARS-CoV-2 are learned, it is inevitable that more zoonotic events leading to more epidemics and pandemics will plague human populations.

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Virology VIROLOGY-

CiteScore

19.40

自引率

0.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.