DELLA proteins and CBL-CIPK signaling pathway are emerging players in plant biotechnology

CBL-CIPK signaling pathway is a calcium dependent signaling pathway conserved across the plant kingdom. Recent research indicates the central role it plays in growth, development, ion homeostasis and stress management in plants. DELLA proteins are negative regulators of gibberellins and almost ubiquitously influence several aspects of plant physiology. The important role of DELLA proteins in green revolution was discovered and very recently they are found to influence several aspects of root growth and root-microbe interactions. Thus, understanding the genetic network involving CBL-CIPK signaling pathway and DELLA proteins in plant roots can identify targets for biotechnological innovations. This may propel generation of transgenic lines with robust root system capable of efficient water and ion absorption with higher degree of selectivity and regulation. Plant improvement through breeding and genetic modifications have largely focused on the above-ground parts and there is a vast space for similar improvement concerning roots. CBL-CIPK and DELLA can serve as excellent genetic engineering candidates for climate smart agriculture, alleviation of hidden hunger, phytoremediation of heavy metals and environmental sustainability.