未来化学科学的伦理

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
José Antonio Chamizo, Gustavo Ortiz-Millán
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2016 年英国皇家化学会的《化学科学的未来》报告为化学的未来提出了四种不同的设想:化学拯救世界;按钮式化学;没有化学家的世界;以及自由市场化学。在本文中,我们将对它们进行伦理评估。如果化学要解决当今世界面临的许多重大挑战,就必须明确地根据团结和公平等道德价值观来确定研究课题的优先次序,同时还要考虑环境正义,这在确定化学研究议程时必须占据中心位置。化学的非集中化也将对科学界制定的研究标准提出伦理挑战。化学伦理教育可能有助于抵御这些风险。我们还认为,如果化学及其分支学科要实现其创造知识和帮助我们解决当代世界重大挑战的目标,那么从伦理角度讲,不同学科的科学家必须对跨学科工作持更加开放的态度。最后,如果化学的未来是以自由市场的形式出现,那么我们就有必要更多地关注这种 模式可能带来的风险。我们呼吁大家注意以下两点:首先,影响最低收入国家或社会最弱势阶层的问题很可能得不到解决,因为他们没有能力支付某些商品和服务的费用;其次,自由市场往往会助长不可持续的发展形式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ethics of the future of chemical sciences

The 2016 Royal Society of Chemistry’s report Future of the Chemical Sciences presents four different scenarios for the future of chemistry: chemistry saves the world; push-button chemistry; a world without chemists; and free market chemistry. In this paper we ethically assess them. If chemistry is to solve many of the greatest challenges facing the contemporary world, prioritization of research topics will need to be done explicitly on the basis of moral values, ​​such as solidarity and equity, but also environmental justice, which will have to be central in determining a research agenda for chemistry. The decentralization of chemistry will also present ethical challenges to the research standards established by the scientific community. Ethical education in chemistry may help counteract these risks. We also argue that if chemistry and its subdisciplines are to fulfil their goal of generating knowledge and helping us solve the great challenges of the contemporary world, then it is ethically imperative that scientists from different disciplines be more open to interdisciplinary work. Finally, if the future of chemistry is in free market forms, then it is necessary that we pay more attention to the possible risks that this model has. We call attention to two: first, it is likely that problems that affect the lowest income countries or the most disadvantaged sectors of society, who do not have the means to pay for some of the goods and services, will not be addressed; second, the free market tends to foster unsustainable forms of development.

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来源期刊
Foundations of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
自引率
22.20%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Foundations of Chemistry is an international journal which seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum where chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, educators and sociologists with an interest in foundational issues can discuss conceptual and fundamental issues which relate to the `central science'' of chemistry. Such issues include the autonomous role of chemistry between physics and biology and the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. The journal will publish peer-reviewed academic articles on a wide range of subdisciplines, among others: chemical models, chemical language, metaphors, and theoretical terms; chemical evolution and artificial self-replication; industrial application, environmental concern, and the social and ethical aspects of chemistry''s professionalism; the nature of modeling and the role of instrumentation in chemistry; institutional studies and the nature of explanation in the chemical sciences; theoretical chemistry, molecular structure and chaos; the issue of realism; molecular biology, bio-inorganic chemistry; historical studies on ancient chemistry, medieval chemistry and alchemy; philosophical and historical articles; and material of a didactic nature relating to all topics in the chemical sciences. Foundations of Chemistry plans to feature special issues devoted to particular themes, and will contain book reviews and discussion notes. Audience: chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, chemical educators, sociologists, and other scientists with an interest in the foundational issues of science.
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