From silent spaces to smart spaces: Leveraging IoT-based innovative services to enhance library system performance using SEM approach

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a disruptive technology with enormous potential to alter various fields, including libraries. However, research on IoT uptake in libraries still needs to be more extensive, especially in Pakistan. This research aims to fill that vacuum by exploring the variables driving IoT uptake in Pakistani libraries and assessing its effect on library services. A quantitative approach was used, with data collected from Pakistani libraries using a survey technique. The poll specifically addressed librarians and administrators to understand their views on the IoT adoption advantages they see. We designed a theoretical framework combining the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) paradigm and adding two variables: digital transformation and innovativeness. A total of 341 responses were gathered, providing insightful data on the IoT adoption trends in Pakistan. The research examines the connections between numerous variables impacting IoT uptake in libraries using advanced statistical approaches like SmartPLS-based partial least squares structural equation modeling. The findings reveal several vital factors influencing the adoption of IoT in Pakistani libraries. The study emphasizes the significance of solid management practices and the effective use of technology resources in facilitating the successful implementation of the Internet of Things and ensuring enhanced library services. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a comprehensive perspective on IoT adoption in Pakistan. It addresses a considerable knowledge deficit regarding the implementation of IoT in libraries, concentrating specifically on the Pakistani view. The findings of this study are beneficial for library professionals, researchers, and policymakers, as they enable them to make informed decisions and drive successful IoT adoption initiatives in Pakistani libraries.