住宅阳台板损坏的原因

I. Seryh, E. Chernyshova, A. Degtyar, N. Masyagina, V. Serykh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

造成阳台板缺陷和损坏的主要原因可以被认为是所谓的临时因素,它对结构的总体状态有着非积极的影响--大气圈降水的影响、强烈的温差。除了临时因素外,阳台板的破坏还可能受到安装过程中的失误、没有排水系统、阳台板上的荷载过大导致阳台板过度受力,从而形成裂缝等因素的影响。调查的基础是检查一栋三层多层砖砌住宅楼阳台板的技术状况,以确定磨损程度、可能存在的缺陷并评估阳台板进一步运行的可能性。为评估建筑结构的技术状况,进行了结构方案分析。确定了作用在结构上的荷载、影响和运行条件,以及结构、材料和连接的质量。此外,还考虑了以下因素:结构及其截面的几何尺寸;是否存在裂缝、劈裂和破坏;保护层的状况;钢筋与混凝土的粘连是否破损;是否存在钢筋断裂;纵向和横向钢筋的锚固状况;混凝土和钢筋的锈蚀程度。通过目测和测量控制,发现了具有运行要求并导致结构故障的缺陷和损坏。从事住宅公寓楼检查的专家组织的专家们可能会对文章中阐述的结果感兴趣,以便评估承重结构,特别是阳台板的实际状况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
REASONS OF DAMAGE TO RESIDENTIAL BALCONY SLABS
The main cause of defects and damage to balcony plates can be considered the so-called temporary factor, which has a far from positive effect on the general state of the structure - the impact of atmospheric-sphere precipitation, strong temperature differences. In addition to the temporary factor, the destruction of the balcony slab can be influenced by mistakes made during installation, no drains and overstrain of the balcony slab due to excessive load on it, which causes the formation of cracks. The basis for the survey was the check of the technical condition of the balcony slabs of a three-story multi-storey brick residential building in order to determine the degree of wear, possible defects and assess the possibility of further operation of the slab. A structural solution analysis was carried out to assess the technical condition of the building structures. Loads acting on the structures, impacts and operating conditions, the quality of structures, materials and connections were established. This also took into account factors such as the geometric dimensions of structures and their sections; presence of cracks, splits and destruction; condition of protective coatings; broken adhesion of reinforcement to concrete; presence of reinforcement rupture; condition of anchoring of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement; degree of corrosion of concrete and reinforcement. As a result of visual and measuring control, defects and damages having the requirements of operation and leading to a malfunction of the structure were revealed. The results set forth in the article may be of interest to specialists of expert organizations who are engaged in the examination of residential apartment buildings in order to assess the actual state of bearing structures, in particular balcony slabs
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