在补充和不补充能量的情况下放牧大象草BRS Kurumi牧草的奶牛的牛奶脂肪酸概况

F. Lopes, C. Moraes, C. Gomide, D. Paciullo, M. Morenz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究评估了补充能量对雨季放牧 BRS Kurumi 象草牧场的奶牛摄入量和牛奶脂肪酸组成的影响。在泌乳高峰期后,对六头荷斯坦×吉尔奶牛进行了两种处理(补充能量和不补充能量)的评估。研究开始时,奶牛的平均产奶量、体重和产奶天数分别为 18.0±2.89 公斤/天、560±66 公斤和 99±12。评估在三个放牧周期内进行,适应期为 14 天,取样期为 6 天。在能量补充处理中,每头奶牛每天摄入 3 千克碎玉米(按饲喂量计算),上午挤奶时每天摄入 2 千克,下午挤奶时每天摄入 1 千克。碎玉米的干物质含量为 87.5%,粗蛋白含量为 7.3%,醚提取物含量为 5.1%,可消化总养分含量为 85%。补充碎玉米的奶牛消耗更多的油酸(+567%)和亚油酸(+88%)。未添加辅料的奶牛多摄入 26% 的 α-亚麻酸,产出的牛奶中含有更多的油酸(+10%)、疫酸(+23%)和瘤胃酸(+21%),以及更少(-7%)的致动脉粥样硬化脂肪酸(月桂酸 + 肉豆蔻酸 + 棕榈酸)。未添加添加剂的奶牛的乳脂营养质量更好,致动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数更低,低/高胆固醇脂肪酸比率更高。
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Milk fatty acid profile of cows grazing elephant grass BRS Kurumi pasture with and without energy supplementation
This study evaluated the effects of energy supplementation on the intake and milk fatty acid composition of cows grazing BRS Kurumi elephant grass pasture during the rainy season. Two treatments (with and without supplementation) were evaluated using a switchback design with six Holstein × Gyr dairy cows after the peak of lactation. The average milk yield, body weight, and days in milk of the cows at the beginning of the study were 18.0±2.89 kg day−1, 560±66 kg, and 99±12, respectively. The evaluations were performed over three grazing cycles, with adaptation periods of 14 days and six days of sampling. In the energy supplementation treatment, each cow received 3 kg day−1 of ground corn (as-fed basis), with 2 kg day−1 at the morning milking and 1 kg day−1 at the afternoon milking. The ground corn presented 87.5% dry matter, 7.3% crude protein, 5.1% ether extract, and 85% of total digestible nutrients. The cows supplemented with ground corn consumed more oleic (+567%) and linoleic (+88%) acids. Unsupplemented cows consumed 26% more α-linolenic acid and produced milk with more oleic (+10%), vaccenic (+23%), and rumenic (+21%) acids, and less (−7%) pro-atherogenic fatty acids (lauric + myristic + palmitic acids). Milk fat from unsupplemented cows showed better nutritional quality, with lower atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices and a higher hypo/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio.
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