量子测量标准的特点和 SI-2019 中第二个标准的特殊地位

IF 0.1 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
Pavel Neyezhmakov, Olena Vasylieva, Yurii Pavlenko
{"title":"量子测量标准的特点和 SI-2019 中第二个标准的特殊地位","authors":"Pavel Neyezhmakov, Olena Vasylieva, Yurii Pavlenko","doi":"10.24027/2306-7039.4.2023.298584","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of the New SI in 2019 and the definition of base units in terms of “defining constants” has significantly changed the metrology methods and led to the introduction of a quantum approach to the reproduction of units. The paper highlights a number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards, the ultimate accuracy of which is limited only by the “quantum structure of nature”. For electrical measurements, the implementation of the New SI means the end of the dualism that has existed since 1990. The dualism was that the SI defined the ampere – base unit of electricity – by mechanical measurements and quantities, and for reference measurements in practice, it was recommended to use the quantum effects of Josephson and Hall. \nA number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards are considered, which made it possible to increase the accuracy of reproduction of electrical units (and even earlier – units of time and length) by several orders of magnitude compared to the “pre-quantum” era. \nAnother feature of the SI-2019 was the fact that it linked the units of all base quantities to the second and thus paved the way for the reproduction of units in terms of defining constants (which are fixed without uncertainty in the SI-2019) and the second, which is measured with the highest accuracy. Thus, the main task of metrology is to establish the relationship between the measured value and the second. In electrical measurements and some other types of measurements, this function is performed by quantum methods, which are described in this paper. \nThe extremely high accuracy of time measurements, the availability of its transfer via communication lines, and the system-forming nature of the second determine its special status in SI-2019. \nThe paper presents that the success in creating frequency measurement standards in the optical range promises further improvement of the accuracy of the second, which only raises its status and may lead to official revision of its definition in terms of the frequency of another quantum transition already existing in the optical range. \nIt is suggested that the development of quantum measurement methods, the counting nature of these methods, and the features of the second mentioned in the paper bring us closer to the creation of a new metrology that will be a logical continuation of quantum metrology and which can be conventionally called “digital”.","PeriodicalId":40775,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Metrological Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Features of quantum measurement standards and special status of the second in the SI-2019\",\"authors\":\"Pavel Neyezhmakov, Olena Vasylieva, Yurii Pavlenko\",\"doi\":\"10.24027/2306-7039.4.2023.298584\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The implementation of the New SI in 2019 and the definition of base units in terms of “defining constants” has significantly changed the metrology methods and led to the introduction of a quantum approach to the reproduction of units. The paper highlights a number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards, the ultimate accuracy of which is limited only by the “quantum structure of nature”. For electrical measurements, the implementation of the New SI means the end of the dualism that has existed since 1990. The dualism was that the SI defined the ampere – base unit of electricity – by mechanical measurements and quantities, and for reference measurements in practice, it was recommended to use the quantum effects of Josephson and Hall. \\nA number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards are considered, which made it possible to increase the accuracy of reproduction of electrical units (and even earlier – units of time and length) by several orders of magnitude compared to the “pre-quantum” era. \\nAnother feature of the SI-2019 was the fact that it linked the units of all base quantities to the second and thus paved the way for the reproduction of units in terms of defining constants (which are fixed without uncertainty in the SI-2019) and the second, which is measured with the highest accuracy. Thus, the main task of metrology is to establish the relationship between the measured value and the second. In electrical measurements and some other types of measurements, this function is performed by quantum methods, which are described in this paper. \\nThe extremely high accuracy of time measurements, the availability of its transfer via communication lines, and the system-forming nature of the second determine its special status in SI-2019. \\nThe paper presents that the success in creating frequency measurement standards in the optical range promises further improvement of the accuracy of the second, which only raises its status and may lead to official revision of its definition in terms of the frequency of another quantum transition already existing in the optical range. \\nIt is suggested that the development of quantum measurement methods, the counting nature of these methods, and the features of the second mentioned in the paper bring us closer to the creation of a new metrology that will be a logical continuation of quantum metrology and which can be conventionally called “digital”.\",\"PeriodicalId\":40775,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ukrainian Metrological Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ukrainian Metrological Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.4.2023.298584\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ukrainian Metrological Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.4.2023.298584","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

2019 年新国际单位制的实施和以 "定义常数 "为基础单位的定义极大地改变了计量方法,并导致采用量子方法进行单位复现。本文重点介绍了量子方法和测量标准的一些特点,其最终精度仅受 "自然界量子结构 "的限制。对于电学测量而言,新国际单位制的实施意味着 1990 年以来存在的二元论的终结。这种二元论是指,国际单位制通过机械测量和数量来定义安培(电的基本单位),而在实际参考测量中,建议使用约瑟夫森和霍尔的量子效应。考虑到量子方法和测量标准的一些特点,与 "前量子 "时代相比,电学单位(甚至更早--时间和长度单位)的复现精度提高了几个数量级。SI-2019 的另一个特点是,它将所有基本量的单位与秒联系起来,从而为以定义常数(在 SI-2019 中是固定的,没有不确定性)和秒为单位的复现铺平了道路,而秒的测量精度是最高的。因此,计量学的主要任务是建立测量值与秒之间的关系。在电气测量和其他一些类型的测量中,这一功能是通过量子方法来实现的,本文将对此进行介绍。时间测量的极高精确度、通过通信线路传输的可用性以及秒的系统形成性质决定了它在 SI-2019 中的特殊地位。本文指出,在光学范围内成功创建频率测量标准有望进一步提高秒的精确度,这只会提高其地位,并可能导致根据光学范围内已存在的另一种量子跃迁的频率对其定义进行正式修订。本文认为,量子测量方法的发展、这些方法的计数性质以及本文中提到的秒的特征,使我们更接近于创建一种新的计量学,它将是量子计量学的逻辑延续,可以习惯性地称之为 "数字 "计量学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Features of quantum measurement standards and special status of the second in the SI-2019
The implementation of the New SI in 2019 and the definition of base units in terms of “defining constants” has significantly changed the metrology methods and led to the introduction of a quantum approach to the reproduction of units. The paper highlights a number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards, the ultimate accuracy of which is limited only by the “quantum structure of nature”. For electrical measurements, the implementation of the New SI means the end of the dualism that has existed since 1990. The dualism was that the SI defined the ampere – base unit of electricity – by mechanical measurements and quantities, and for reference measurements in practice, it was recommended to use the quantum effects of Josephson and Hall. A number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards are considered, which made it possible to increase the accuracy of reproduction of electrical units (and even earlier – units of time and length) by several orders of magnitude compared to the “pre-quantum” era. Another feature of the SI-2019 was the fact that it linked the units of all base quantities to the second and thus paved the way for the reproduction of units in terms of defining constants (which are fixed without uncertainty in the SI-2019) and the second, which is measured with the highest accuracy. Thus, the main task of metrology is to establish the relationship between the measured value and the second. In electrical measurements and some other types of measurements, this function is performed by quantum methods, which are described in this paper. The extremely high accuracy of time measurements, the availability of its transfer via communication lines, and the system-forming nature of the second determine its special status in SI-2019. The paper presents that the success in creating frequency measurement standards in the optical range promises further improvement of the accuracy of the second, which only raises its status and may lead to official revision of its definition in terms of the frequency of another quantum transition already existing in the optical range. It is suggested that the development of quantum measurement methods, the counting nature of these methods, and the features of the second mentioned in the paper bring us closer to the creation of a new metrology that will be a logical continuation of quantum metrology and which can be conventionally called “digital”.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Ukrainian Metrological Journal
Ukrainian Metrological Journal INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信