年轻人的睡眠与工作和家庭压力

V. Gafarov, E. Gromova, I. Gagulin, D. Panov, A. N. Tripelgorn, A. Gafarova
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摘要

目的:调查居住在新西伯利亚的 25-44 岁人群的睡眠质量和持续时间与工作和家庭压力之间的关系。2013-2016 年,在新西伯利亚的一个区对 25-44 岁的代表性人群进行了研究(预算课题编号:AAAA-A17-117112850280-2)。共有 975 人接受了检查(男性 427 人,平均年龄 - 34±0.4岁,应答率 - 71%;女性 548 人,平均年龄 - 35±0.4岁,应答率 - 72%)。一般检查按照世界卫生组织 "MONICA-心理社会(MOPSY)"计划的标准方法进行。标准詹金斯问卷用于评估睡眠质量和持续时间。标准问卷中还包括评估家庭压力("对自身健康的认识和态度 "量表)和工作压力(卡拉泽克量表)的量表。患有睡眠障碍的 25 至 44 岁男性更有可能表示 "不喜欢自己的工作"(52.2%),对工作的态度 "一般"(50.7%)。男性(46.8%)和女性(56.6%)都很少在正常工作日后放松和休息。有睡眠问题的女性(56.5%)表示,她们无法在家中得到充分休息。有睡眠障碍的男性和女性都证实,在过去 12 个月中,家庭曾发生过严重冲突:"多次"(分别为 57.1 % 和 55.8 %)或 "经常"(分别为 53.3 % 和 68.4 %)。睡眠时间为 5-6 小时的妇女表示,她们 "从来没有"(36.4%)或 "很少"(36.8%)在正常工作日之后设法放松和恢复;33.3%的人工作责任 "增加";37.2%的人开始做额外的工作。睡眠障碍及其持续时间与工作和家庭压力之间存在相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sleep and stress at work and in the family among young people
Objective: to investigate the relationship between the quality and duration of sleep and stress at work and at home in people aged 25–44 years living in Novosibirsk.Material and methods. The study of a representative cohort of people aged 25–44 years was conducted in 2013–2016 in one of the districts of Novosibirsk (budget topic No. AAAA-A17-117112850280-2). A total of 975 individuals were examined (427 men, mean age – 34±0.4 years, response rate – 71%; 548 women, mean age – 35±0.4 years, response rate – 72%). The general examination was conducted according to the standard methods of the WHO program “MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY)”. The standard Jenkins questionnaire was used to assess the quality and duration of sleep. Scales to assess stress at home (scale “Knowledge and attitude towards one’s own health”) and at work (Karazek scale) were included in the standard questionnaire.Results. Men aged 25 to 44 with sleep disorders were more likely to report that they “dislike their work” (52.2%) and that their attitude towards work is “average” (50.7%). It is rare for both men (46.8%) and women (56.6%) to relax and have rest after a normal working day. Women with sleep problems (56.5 %) stated that they are unable to rest adequately at home. Both men and women with sleep disorders confirmed that there had been serious conflicts in the family in the last 12 months: “several” times" (57.1 % and 55.8 % respectively) or “often” (53.3 % and 68.4 % respectively). Women with a sleep duration of 5–6 hours stated that they “never” (36.4 %) or “rarely” (36.8 %) manage to relax and recover after a regular working day; for 33.3 %, responsibilities at work have “increased”; 37.2 % have started to do extra work.Conclusion. A correlation was found between sleep disturbances and their duration and stress both at work and at home.
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