Topology-based Resilience Assessment of Port Multimodal Transport Networks: A Case Study of Shanghai Port

As transit nodes in the field of international trade, ports are of critical importance for establishing and maintaining the effectiveness of the trade supply chain. However, the system performance of ports is vulnerable to disruptions caused by unexpected events such as natural disasters, accidental catastrophes, and public health emergency. These disruptive events will have serious negative impacts on the normal operation performance of ports and international trade among countries. This paper is to propose a comprehensive assessment framework of the system resilience of the port multimodal transport networks before and after the occurrence of disruption events, which can effectively improve its ability to deal with emergencies, minimize losses, and enhance the system performance levels. This paper also establishes several simulation experiments focusing on the full lifecycle of resilience based on topology of the transport networks, and simulates a variety of scenarios regarding different damage and recovery modes, such as deliberate attack, random attack, planned recovery, and random recovery, in the assessment process. Then the actual transport situation of Shanghai port is taken as a case study, and three multimodal transport networks including the sea-rail network, the sea-road network, and the sea-road-rail network under different disruption scenarios are compared，and evaluate the evolutions of the network resilience of the multimodal transport networks of Shanghai port stage by stage. In addition, managerial suggestions are also proposed based on the resilience assessments of different disruption scenarios to maximize the resilience of multimodal transport networks of Shanghai port.