由不同材料组成的电磁大目标散射的涡旋电磁波束的散射场强度和轨道角动量谱分布

Remote. Sens. Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI:10.3390/rs16050754
Minghao Sun, Song-hua Liu, Lixin Guo
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摘要

在这项研究中,我们获得了涡旋电磁光束照射由不同材料组成的电大目标时的散射场的强度和轨道角动量(OAM)谱分布。我们使用角光谱分解法将涡旋光束分解为光谱域中不同仰角和方位角的平面波。我们将这种方法与物理光学算法相结合,计算出散射场分布。利用螺旋谱扩展法分析了沿不同观测半径的散射场的 OAM 谱。数值结果表明,对于不同参数(如偏振、拓扑电荷、半锥角和频率)的光束和不同特征(如成分)的目标,散射场强度分布和 OAM 光谱特征变化很大。当光束参数发生变化时,不同材料的散射结果也呈现出类似的变化趋势。与未涂层金属靶和介质靶散射的光束相比,涂层靶的散射场能更好地保持入射场光束的形状和 OAM 模式。金属靶的散射特性对光束参数的变化最为敏感。构建了光束参数、目标参数、散射场强度和散射场 OAM 光谱之间的关系,证实散射场的螺旋光谱携带着目标信息。这些发现可用于遥感工程,补充现有的雷达成像,为进一步确定波束或目标参数奠定基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Scattering Field Intensity and Orbital Angular Momentum Spectral Distribution of Vortex Electromagnetic Beams Scattered by Electrically Large Targets Comprising Different Materials
In this study, we obtained the intensity and orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectral distribution of the scattering fields of vortex electromagnetic beams illuminating electrically large targets composed of different materials. We used the angular spectral decomposition method to decompose a vortex beam into plane waves in the spectral domain at different elevations and azimuths. We combined this method with the physical optics algorithm to calculate the scattering field distribution. The OAM spectra of the scattering field along different observation radii were analyzed using the spiral spectrum expansion method. The numerical results indicate that for beams with different parameters (such as polarization, topological charge, half-cone angle, and frequency) and targets with different characteristics (such as composition), the scattering field intensity distribution and OAM spectral characteristics varied considerably. When the beam parameters change, the results of scattering from different materials show similar changing trends. Compared with beams scattered by uncoated metal and dielectric targets, the scattering field of the coating target can better maintain the shape and OAM mode of beams from the incident field. The scattering characteristics of metal targets were the most sensitive to beam-parameter changes. The relationship between the beam parameters, target parameters, the scattering field intensity, and the OAM spectra of the scattering field was constructed, confirming that the spiral spectrum of the scattering field carries the target information. These findings can be used in remote sensing engineering to supplement existing radar imaging, laying the foundation for further identification of beam or target parameters.
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