评估昆虫病原真菌 Beauveria bassiana 对伊朗人畜共患皮肤利什曼病病媒 Phlebotomus papatasi（双翅目：灵长目）不同阶段的影响

Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI:10.18502/jad.v17i3.14986

M. Pirmohammadi, R. Talaei-Hassanloui, S. Moosa-Kazemi, Y. Rassi, Sara Rahimi, Mahboubeh Fatemi, Marzieh Ghassemi, M. H. Arandian, R. Jafari, Seyedeh Reyhaneh Golzan, A. Akhavan, Hassan Vatandoost

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摘要

背景：人畜共患病皮肤利什曼病是伊朗的一个主要公共卫生问题，其主要病媒是Phlebotomus papatasi。使用昆虫病原真菌对病媒进行生物防治，有可能取代目前使用的方法。本研究的目的是评估两种本地分离的 Beauveria bassiana（OZ2 和 TV）对乳头蝇的毒力。研究方法为了进行生物测定试验，在沙蝇生命周期的每个阶段都使用了真菌悬浮液。测定死亡率、寿命和产卵数。此外，还评估了真菌在啮齿动物体表存活的概率。结果与阴性对照相比，感染两种分离物 B. bassiana 的成年沙蝇的寿命明显较短（P< 0.05）。经 OZ2 分离物处理的成年雌性和雄性沙蝇的估计致死浓度 50（LC50）值分别为 1.4×106 和 2.2×107 分生孢子/毫升，而经 TV 分离物处理的成年雌性和雄性沙蝇的估计致死浓度 50（LC50）值分别为 6.8×106 和 2.3×108 分生孢子/毫升。两种 B. bassiana 分离物对沙蝇幼虫和蛹的死亡率以及繁殖率均无显著影响（P> 0.05）。根据我们对两种分离物的研究结果，在喷洒后的 144 小时内，真菌仍在啮齿动物的身体表面继续扩散。结论目前的研究表明，两种 B. bassiana 分离物对沙蝇成虫都有相当强的生物防治能力。

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Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana on Different Stages of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae), Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran

Background: Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is a major public health problem in Iran with the main vector of Phlebotomus papatasi. The use of entomopathogenic fungi for biological control of the vector is a potential substitute for the current methods which are being used. The purpose of the current study was to assess the virulence of two local isolates of Beauveria bassiana (OZ2 and TV) against Ph. papatasi. Methods: To perform the bioassay test, fungal suspensions were applied for every stage of the sand fly life cycle. The mortality rate, longevity, and number of eggs laid were determined. Also, the probability of fungal survival on the surface of rodent’s body was assessed. Results: The longevity of infected adult sand flies with both isolates of B. bassiana was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in comparison to the negative control. The estimated Lethal concentration 50 (LC50) values for adult female and male sand flies treated with OZ2 isolate were 1.4×106 and 2.2×107 conidia/ml, respectively, while they were 6.8×106 and 2.3×108 conidia/ml for TV isolate, respectively. Both isolates of B. bassiana exhibited nonsignificant mortality rates in sand fly larvae and pupae and fecundity rate (P> 0.05). According to our findings for both isolates, the fungus continued to spread throughout the surface of the rodent's body for 144 hours after spraying. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that both isolates of B. bassiana have considerable biological control capacity against adult sand flies.

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