Heitor Rodrigues Ribeiro, Felipe Gregório Jardim, Miriam Sanz Roldán, Vitor de Salles Painelli, Vinicius da Eira Silva, Aline Cristina Capparelli Tritto, Andressa Formalioni, Giovani Boldrini Custoias, Wagner Ribeiro Pereira, Marina Yazigi Solis, Felipe Carvalho, Ernani Pinto Junior, Guilherme Giannini Artioli
{"title":"与游离酸形式相比，β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙盐的生物利用率更高。","authors":"Heitor Rodrigues Ribeiro, Felipe Gregório Jardim, Miriam Sanz Roldán, Vitor de Salles Painelli, Vinicius da Eira Silva, Aline Cristina Capparelli Tritto, Andressa Formalioni, Giovani Boldrini Custoias, Wagner Ribeiro Pereira, Marina Yazigi Solis, Felipe Carvalho, Ernani Pinto Junior, Guilherme Giannini Artioli","doi":"10.1007/s00726-023-03369-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the bioavailability of the calcium salt (HMB-Ca) and the free acid (HMB-FA) forms of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Sixteen young individuals received the following treatments on three different occasions in a counterbalanced crossover fashion: (1) HMB-FA in clear capsules; (2) HMB-Ca in gelatine capsules; (3) HMB-Ca dissolved in water. All treatments provided 1 g of HMB. Blood samples were taken before and on multiple time points following ingestion. The following parameters were calculated: peak plasma (Cmax), time to peak (Tmax), slope of HMB appearance in blood, area under the curve (AUC), half-life time (t<sub>1/2</sub>) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in water set as reference). All treatments led to rapid and large increases in plasma HMB. HMB-Ca in capsules and in water showed similar plasma HMB values across time (p = 0.438). HMB-FA resulted in lower concentrations vs. the other treatments (both p < 0.001). AUC (HMB-Ca in capsules: 50,078 ± 10,507; HMB-Ca in water: 47,871 ± 10,783; HMB-FA: 29,130 ± 12,946 µmol L<sup>-1</sup> × 720 min), Cmax (HMB-Ca in capsules: 229.2 ± 65.9; HMB-Ca in water: 249.7 ± 49.7; HMB-FA: 139.1 ± 67.2 µmol L<sup>-1</sup>) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in capsules: 104.8 ± 14.9%; HMB-FA: 61.5 ± 17.0%) were lower in HMB-FA vs. HMB-Ca (all p < 0.001). HMB-Ca in water resulted in the fastest Tmax (43 ± 22 min) compared to HMB-Ca in capsules (79 ± 40 min) and HMB-FA (78 ± 21 min) (all p < 0.05), while t<sub>1/2</sub> was similar between treatments. To conclude, HMB-Ca exhibited superior bioavailability compared to HMB-FA, with HMB-Ca in water showing faster absorption. Elimination kinetics were similar across all forms, suggesting that the pharmaceutical form of HMB affects the absorption rates, but not its distribution or elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987370/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Superior bioavailability of the calcium salt form of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate compared with the free acid form.\",\"authors\":\"Heitor Rodrigues Ribeiro, Felipe Gregório Jardim, Miriam Sanz Roldán, Vitor de Salles Painelli, Vinicius da Eira Silva, Aline Cristina Capparelli Tritto, Andressa Formalioni, Giovani Boldrini Custoias, Wagner Ribeiro Pereira, Marina Yazigi Solis, Felipe Carvalho, Ernani Pinto Junior, Guilherme Giannini Artioli\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00726-023-03369-z\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>We investigated the bioavailability of the calcium salt (HMB-Ca) and the free acid (HMB-FA) forms of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Sixteen young individuals received the following treatments on three different occasions in a counterbalanced crossover fashion: (1) HMB-FA in clear capsules; (2) HMB-Ca in gelatine capsules; (3) HMB-Ca dissolved in water. All treatments provided 1 g of HMB. Blood samples were taken before and on multiple time points following ingestion. The following parameters were calculated: peak plasma (Cmax), time to peak (Tmax), slope of HMB appearance in blood, area under the curve (AUC), half-life time (t<sub>1/2</sub>) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in water set as reference). All treatments led to rapid and large increases in plasma HMB. HMB-Ca in capsules and in water showed similar plasma HMB values across time (p = 0.438). HMB-FA resulted in lower concentrations vs. the other treatments (both p < 0.001). AUC (HMB-Ca in capsules: 50,078 ± 10,507; HMB-Ca in water: 47,871 ± 10,783; HMB-FA: 29,130 ± 12,946 µmol L<sup>-1</sup> × 720 min), Cmax (HMB-Ca in capsules: 229.2 ± 65.9; HMB-Ca in water: 249.7 ± 49.7; HMB-FA: 139.1 ± 67.2 µmol L<sup>-1</sup>) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in capsules: 104.8 ± 14.9%; HMB-FA: 61.5 ± 17.0%) were lower in HMB-FA vs. HMB-Ca (all p < 0.001). HMB-Ca in water resulted in the fastest Tmax (43 ± 22 min) compared to HMB-Ca in capsules (79 ± 40 min) and HMB-FA (78 ± 21 min) (all p < 0.05), while t<sub>1/2</sub> was similar between treatments. To conclude, HMB-Ca exhibited superior bioavailability compared to HMB-FA, with HMB-Ca in water showing faster absorption. Elimination kinetics were similar across all forms, suggesting that the pharmaceutical form of HMB affects the absorption rates, but not its distribution or elimination.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7810,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Amino Acids\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987370/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Amino Acids\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03369-z\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Amino Acids","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03369-z","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Superior bioavailability of the calcium salt form of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate compared with the free acid form.
We investigated the bioavailability of the calcium salt (HMB-Ca) and the free acid (HMB-FA) forms of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Sixteen young individuals received the following treatments on three different occasions in a counterbalanced crossover fashion: (1) HMB-FA in clear capsules; (2) HMB-Ca in gelatine capsules; (3) HMB-Ca dissolved in water. All treatments provided 1 g of HMB. Blood samples were taken before and on multiple time points following ingestion. The following parameters were calculated: peak plasma (Cmax), time to peak (Tmax), slope of HMB appearance in blood, area under the curve (AUC), half-life time (t1/2) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in water set as reference). All treatments led to rapid and large increases in plasma HMB. HMB-Ca in capsules and in water showed similar plasma HMB values across time (p = 0.438). HMB-FA resulted in lower concentrations vs. the other treatments (both p < 0.001). AUC (HMB-Ca in capsules: 50,078 ± 10,507; HMB-Ca in water: 47,871 ± 10,783; HMB-FA: 29,130 ± 12,946 µmol L-1 × 720 min), Cmax (HMB-Ca in capsules: 229.2 ± 65.9; HMB-Ca in water: 249.7 ± 49.7; HMB-FA: 139.1 ± 67.2 µmol L-1) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in capsules: 104.8 ± 14.9%; HMB-FA: 61.5 ± 17.0%) were lower in HMB-FA vs. HMB-Ca (all p < 0.001). HMB-Ca in water resulted in the fastest Tmax (43 ± 22 min) compared to HMB-Ca in capsules (79 ± 40 min) and HMB-FA (78 ± 21 min) (all p < 0.05), while t1/2 was similar between treatments. To conclude, HMB-Ca exhibited superior bioavailability compared to HMB-FA, with HMB-Ca in water showing faster absorption. Elimination kinetics were similar across all forms, suggesting that the pharmaceutical form of HMB affects the absorption rates, but not its distribution or elimination.
期刊介绍：
Amino Acids publishes contributions from all fields of amino acid and protein research: analysis, separation, synthesis, biosynthesis, cross linking amino acids, racemization/enantiomers, modification of amino acids as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation and nonenzymatic glycosylation, new roles for amino acids in physiology and pathophysiology, biology, amino acid analogues and derivatives, polyamines, radiated amino acids, peptides, stable isotopes and isotopes of amino acids. Applications in medicine, food chemistry, nutrition, gastroenterology, nephrology, neurochemistry, pharmacology, excitatory amino acids are just some of the topics covered. Fields of interest include: Biochemistry, food chemistry, nutrition, neurology, psychiatry, pharmacology, nephrology, gastroenterology, microbiology
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