{"title":"以致病因子和临床模式为重点的固定药物糜烂临床流行病学研究。","authors":"Dishari Halder, Sudip Das, Abhishek De","doi":"10.4103/idoj.idoj_599_22","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fixed drug reaction (FDE) is characterized by the development of well-circumscribed, round, erythematous macules and plaques on cutaneous or mucosal surface following ingestion of the offending drug.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>To study the etiological agents responsible for FDE and to study the clinical patterns of FDE due to different drugs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It was a hospital-based observational cross-sectional clinical study. The study period was 24 months. Fifty patients were included. The study was done after a literature search, hypothesis generation, protocol write-up, ethical submission, ethical clearance, patient enrollment, data collection, data analysis, and research. The patients were selected on the basis of the Naranjo scoring system. The patients with a history of combination drug intake were not included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 0.11% patients presented with FDE in the study period. Out of them, 52% of the patients belonged to 20-39 years age group, having sex ratio of 1.6:1. About 64% of the patients presented with multiple lesions, whereas 36% had a single lesion. A total of 46% patients presented with first episode and 54% had recurrent episodes. The mean time intervals of first and subsequent episodes were 6.5 days and 4.3 hours, respectively. Also, 16% patients had a history of herpes infection. Extremities were more affected followed by trunk and mucosa. Fluoroquinolones were the most common etiological agent found in 56% patients having cutaneous (48%) and mucosal lesions (14%). The most common drug was norfloxacin (36%) followed by both paracetamol (12%) and metronidazole (12%). Fluoroquinolones were the most common drugs implicated in bullous lesions and generalized bullous FDE.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The study population was small and the study was for a limited period of time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The patient should be aware of the offending drug and opt for any alternative agent after visiting the physician.</p>","PeriodicalId":13335,"journal":{"name":"Indian Dermatology Online Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"255-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10969259/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Fixed Drug Eruption with a Special Focus on the Causative Agent and the Clinical Patterns.\",\"authors\":\"Dishari Halder, Sudip Das, Abhishek De\",\"doi\":\"10.4103/idoj.idoj_599_22\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fixed drug reaction (FDE) is characterized by the development of well-circumscribed, round, erythematous macules and plaques on cutaneous or mucosal surface following ingestion of the offending drug.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>To study the etiological agents responsible for FDE and to study the clinical patterns of FDE due to different drugs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It was a hospital-based observational cross-sectional clinical study. The study period was 24 months. Fifty patients were included. The study was done after a literature search, hypothesis generation, protocol write-up, ethical submission, ethical clearance, patient enrollment, data collection, data analysis, and research. The patients were selected on the basis of the Naranjo scoring system. The patients with a history of combination drug intake were not included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 0.11% patients presented with FDE in the study period. Out of them, 52% of the patients belonged to 20-39 years age group, having sex ratio of 1.6:1. About 64% of the patients presented with multiple lesions, whereas 36% had a single lesion. A total of 46% patients presented with first episode and 54% had recurrent episodes. The mean time intervals of first and subsequent episodes were 6.5 days and 4.3 hours, respectively. Also, 16% patients had a history of herpes infection. Extremities were more affected followed by trunk and mucosa. Fluoroquinolones were the most common etiological agent found in 56% patients having cutaneous (48%) and mucosal lesions (14%). The most common drug was norfloxacin (36%) followed by both paracetamol (12%) and metronidazole (12%). Fluoroquinolones were the most common drugs implicated in bullous lesions and generalized bullous FDE.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The study population was small and the study was for a limited period of time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The patient should be aware of the offending drug and opt for any alternative agent after visiting the physician.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13335,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Indian Dermatology Online Journal\",\"volume\":\"15 2\",\"pages\":\"255-258\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10969259/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Indian Dermatology Online Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_599_22\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/3/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DERMATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Indian Dermatology Online Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_599_22","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/3/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DERMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Fixed Drug Eruption with a Special Focus on the Causative Agent and the Clinical Patterns.
Background: Fixed drug reaction (FDE) is characterized by the development of well-circumscribed, round, erythematous macules and plaques on cutaneous or mucosal surface following ingestion of the offending drug.
Aim and objectives: To study the etiological agents responsible for FDE and to study the clinical patterns of FDE due to different drugs.
Materials and methods: It was a hospital-based observational cross-sectional clinical study. The study period was 24 months. Fifty patients were included. The study was done after a literature search, hypothesis generation, protocol write-up, ethical submission, ethical clearance, patient enrollment, data collection, data analysis, and research. The patients were selected on the basis of the Naranjo scoring system. The patients with a history of combination drug intake were not included in the study.
Results: A total of 0.11% patients presented with FDE in the study period. Out of them, 52% of the patients belonged to 20-39 years age group, having sex ratio of 1.6:1. About 64% of the patients presented with multiple lesions, whereas 36% had a single lesion. A total of 46% patients presented with first episode and 54% had recurrent episodes. The mean time intervals of first and subsequent episodes were 6.5 days and 4.3 hours, respectively. Also, 16% patients had a history of herpes infection. Extremities were more affected followed by trunk and mucosa. Fluoroquinolones were the most common etiological agent found in 56% patients having cutaneous (48%) and mucosal lesions (14%). The most common drug was norfloxacin (36%) followed by both paracetamol (12%) and metronidazole (12%). Fluoroquinolones were the most common drugs implicated in bullous lesions and generalized bullous FDE.
Limitations: The study population was small and the study was for a limited period of time.
Conclusion: The patient should be aware of the offending drug and opt for any alternative agent after visiting the physician.
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