Silke Uhrlaß, Sithach Mey, Daniela Koch, Hanna Mütze, Constanze Krüger, Michel Monod, Pietro Nenoff
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Identification of dermatophytes was confirmed by sequencing of the 'internal transcribed spacer'-(ITS) region of the rDNA, and the gene of the Translation Elongation Factor (TEF)-1α.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were suffering from tinea corporis and tinea inguinalis/cruris 42/67 (63%), tinea capitis/faciei 14/67 (21%), tinea corporis/capitis/faciei 6/67 (9%), tinea manuum/pedis 2/67 (3%), tinea pedis 2/67 (3%) and tinea manuum 1/67 (1%). Both, by culture and/or PCR, a dermatophyte was detected in 52 (78%) out of 67 samples. Culture positive were 42 (81%) of 52, PCR positive were 50 (96%). The following dermatophytes were found: Trichophyton (T.) rubrum, 36/52 strains (69%, 29 by culture), T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale (TM/TI) 9/52 (17%, six by culture) and Microsporum (M.) canis 5/52 strains (10%, by culture). One strain of Nannizzia (N.) incurvata 1/52 (2%) and N. nana 1/52 (2%) was isolated. Based on sequencing, we demonstrated that two T. mentagrophytes strains out of the nine TM/TI represented the new ITS genotype XXV Cambodia. We found one T. mentagrophytes strain genotype VIII (now, reclassified as T. indotineae). This isolate was terbinafine resistant, and it exhibited the amino acid substitution Phe397Leu in the squalene epoxidase. Three strains of T. interdigitale genotype II* were isolated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first survey on epidemiology of dermatophytes in Cambodia. Currently, T. rubrum represents the most frequent species in Cambodia. One Indian strain genotype VIII T. mentagrophytes was found. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：皮霉病是柬埔寨最常见的皮肤病：皮霉菌病是柬埔寨最常见的皮肤病：本次调查的目的是调查皮癣菌在这个东南亚国家的发生情况：2017年6月至2018年7月，从67名浅表皮癣患者身上取皮肤刮片进行真菌学诊断。通过对rDNA的 "内部转录间隔"（ITS）区域和翻译延长因子（TEF）-1α基因进行测序，确认了皮癣菌的身份：患者患有体癣和腹股沟癣/溃疡 42/67 (63%)、头癣/面部癣 14/67 (21%)、体癣/头癣/面部癣 6/67 (9%)、股癣/足癣 2/67 (3%)、足癣 2/67 (3%)和股癣 1/67 (1%)。在 67 份样本中，有 52 份（78%）通过培养和/或 PCR 检测到皮癣菌。52 份样本中有 42 份（81%）培养呈阳性，50 份（96%）PCR 呈阳性。发现的皮癣菌如下红癣毛癣菌（T. rubrum）36/52 株（69%，29 株经培养），颚癣毛癣菌（T. mentagrophytes）/间癣毛癣菌（TM/TI）9/52 株（17%，6 株经培养），犬小孢子菌（M. canis）5/52 株（10%，经培养）。我们还分离到一株 Nannizzia (N.) incurvata 1/52（2%）和 N. nana 1/52（2%）。根据测序结果，我们证明在 9 株 TM/TI 中，有 2 株代表了新的 ITS 基因型 XXV 柬埔寨。我们发现了一株基因型 VIII 的 T. mentagrophytes 菌株（现已重新归类为 T. indotineae）。该分离株对特比萘芬有抗药性，其角鲨烯环氧化物酶中的氨基酸替换为 Phe397Leu。分离出了三株基因型为 II* 的 T. interdigitale：这是对柬埔寨皮癣菌流行病学的首次调查。目前，红癣菌是柬埔寨最常见的真菌。发现了一种印度菌株基因型 VIII T. mentagrophytes。其中一个亮点是首次描述了柬埔寨新的 T. mentagrophytes 基因型 XXV。
Dermatophytes and skin dermatophytoses in Southeast Asia-First epidemiological survey from Cambodia.
Background: Dermatomycoses count to the most frequent dermatoses in Cambodia.
Objectives: The aim of this survey was to investigate the occurrence of dermatophytes in this Southeast Asian country.
Methods: From June 2017 to July 2018, skin scrapings were taken from 67 patients with superficial dermatophytosis for mycological diagnostics. Identification of dermatophytes was confirmed by sequencing of the 'internal transcribed spacer'-(ITS) region of the rDNA, and the gene of the Translation Elongation Factor (TEF)-1α.
Results: Patients were suffering from tinea corporis and tinea inguinalis/cruris 42/67 (63%), tinea capitis/faciei 14/67 (21%), tinea corporis/capitis/faciei 6/67 (9%), tinea manuum/pedis 2/67 (3%), tinea pedis 2/67 (3%) and tinea manuum 1/67 (1%). Both, by culture and/or PCR, a dermatophyte was detected in 52 (78%) out of 67 samples. Culture positive were 42 (81%) of 52, PCR positive were 50 (96%). The following dermatophytes were found: Trichophyton (T.) rubrum, 36/52 strains (69%, 29 by culture), T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale (TM/TI) 9/52 (17%, six by culture) and Microsporum (M.) canis 5/52 strains (10%, by culture). One strain of Nannizzia (N.) incurvata 1/52 (2%) and N. nana 1/52 (2%) was isolated. Based on sequencing, we demonstrated that two T. mentagrophytes strains out of the nine TM/TI represented the new ITS genotype XXV Cambodia. We found one T. mentagrophytes strain genotype VIII (now, reclassified as T. indotineae). This isolate was terbinafine resistant, and it exhibited the amino acid substitution Phe397Leu in the squalene epoxidase. Three strains of T. interdigitale genotype II* were isolated.
Conclusion: This is the first survey on epidemiology of dermatophytes in Cambodia. Currently, T. rubrum represents the most frequent species in Cambodia. One Indian strain genotype VIII T. mentagrophytes was found. A highlight was the first description of the new T. mentagrophytes genotype XXV Cambodia.
期刊介绍：
The journal Mycoses provides an international forum for original papers in English on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis, and epidemiology of fungal infectious diseases in humans as well as on the biology of pathogenic fungi.
Medical mycology as part of medical microbiology is advancing rapidly. Effective therapeutic strategies are already available in chemotherapy and are being further developed. Their application requires reliable laboratory diagnostic techniques, which, in turn, result from mycological basic research. Opportunistic mycoses vary greatly in their clinical and pathological symptoms, because the underlying disease of a patient at risk decisively determines their symptomatology and progress. The journal Mycoses is therefore of interest to scientists in fundamental mycological research, mycological laboratory diagnosticians and clinicians interested in fungal infections.
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