Reasons for the Success or Failure of a Hospital Information System: A Systematic Review

Objectives: Information and communication technologies have significantly improved the quality of healthcare information management and operations. Hospital information systems (HIS) have become popular and used by most healthcare facilities, both public and private hospitals and clinics. For the best implementation of the health information system, it is necessary to know the reasons leading to failure or success. Objectives is to determine the main reasons for success and failure through a systematic review to help underdeveloped countries like Morocco, which is starting to implement the HIS. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was adhered during the conduct of this systematic review. This systematic review was based on the PubMed database, the Google Scholar search engine Scopus, and science Direct over a considered period of 10 years from 2013 to June 2023. We have included articles dealing with either success factors or failure factors following the implementation of a hospital information system that were published between 2013 and 2023. Results: 28 studies were selected to highlight 8 factors likely to cause success, the most important of which were organizational and behavioral factors containing sub-factors, and 6 factors likely to cause HIS failure, the most important of which was the technical factor. Conclusion: These factors must be considered by the personnel in charge of implementing new information systems to increase the chances of success and to minimize the reasons that can lead to the failure of these systems.