中国石羊河流域土地利用和植被变化及其影响因素分析

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Yaxuan Zhao, Bo Cao, Linwei Sha, Jinquan Cheng, Xuanru Zhao, Weijin Guan, Baotian Pan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土地利用和植被变化(LUCC)是人类活动与地球表面自然环境相互作用的最直接表现,对环境和社会经济产生重大影响。经济的快速发展和气候变化导致了土地利用和植被的显著变化。石羊河流域位于中国河西走廊东部,在过去几十年中经历了显著的气候变化和土地利用变化。在本研究中,我们使用随机森林分类法,基于大地遥感卫星图像获得了石羊河流域 1991 年、1995 年、2000 年、2005 年、2010 年、2015 年和 2020 年的土地利用和植被数据集。我们将随机森林分类结果(本研究)、2000 年至 2015 年全球年度土地覆被高分辨率数据集(AGLC-2000-2015)、采用精细分类系统的全球 30 米土地覆被分类(GLC_FCS30)以及首个源自 Landsat 的年度中国土地覆被数据集(CLCD)中的 2015 年土地利用和覆被数据与地面实况分类结果进行了验证,以评估本研究中分类结果的准确性。此外,我们还探讨并比较了石羊河流域上、中、下游近 30 年来的 LUCC 时空格局,并采用随机森林重要性排序法分析了基于自然因素(蒸散、降水、温度和表层土壤水分)和人为因素(夜间光照、国内生产总值(GDP)和人口)的 LUCC 影响因素。结果表明,2015 年石羊河流域土地利用和植被的随机森林分类结果在总体和部分验证中均优于 AGLC-2000-2015、GLC_FCS30 和 CLCD 数据集。此外,本研究的分类结果与地面实况特征具有较高的一致性。从 1991 年到 2020 年,裸地面积呈下降趋势,变化主要发生在流域的中下游。草地面积先减后增,变化主要发生在流域的中上游。相比之下,耕地面积先增加后减少,变化主要发生在中下游。土地覆被率受自然和人为因素的影响。气候因素和人口对 LUCC 的影响较大,蒸散量、降水量、温度和人口的重要程度分别为 22.12%、32.41%、21.89% 和 19.65%。此外,政策干预也发挥了重要作用。石羊河流域的土地利用和植被在过去 30 年中呈现波动变化,近 10 年生态环境有所改善。这表明研究区域的治理工作取得了一定成效,政府今后可以继续朝着这个方向努力。研究结果可为石羊河流域及其他类似干旱半干旱地区的相关研究和区域可持续发展提供重要启示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Land use and cover change and influencing factor analysis in the Shiyang River Basin, China

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is the most direct manifestation of the interaction between anthropological activities and the natural environment on Earth’s surface, with significant impacts on the environment and social economy. Rapid economic development and climate change have resulted in significant changes in land use and cover. The Shiyang River Basin, located in the eastern part of the Hexi Corridor in China, has undergone significant climate change and LUCC over the past few decades. In this study, we used the random forest classification to obtain the land use and cover datasets of the Shiyang River Basin in 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 based on Landsat images. We validated the land use and cover data in 2015 from the random forest classification results (this study), the high-resolution dataset of annual global land cover from 2000 to 2015 (AGLC-2000-2015), the global 30 m land cover classification with a fine classification system (GLC_FCS30), and the first Landsat-derived annual China Land Cover Dataset (CLCD) against ground-truth classification results to evaluate the accuracy of the classification results in this study. Furthermore, we explored and compared the spatiotemporal patterns of LUCC in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Shiyang River Basin over the past 30 years, and employed the random forest importance ranking method to analyze the influencing factors of LUCC based on natural (evapotranspiration, precipitation, temperature, and surface soil moisture) and anthropogenic (nighttime light, gross domestic product (GDP), and population) factors. The results indicated that the random forest classification results for land use and cover in the Shiyang River Basin in 2015 outperformed the AGLC-2000-2015, GLC_FCS30, and CLCD datasets in both overall and partial validations. Moreover, the classification results in this study exhibited a high level of agreement with the ground truth features. From 1991 to 2020, the area of bare land exhibited a decreasing trend, with changes primarily occurring in the middle and lower reaches of the basin. The area of grassland initially decreased and then increased, with changes occurring mainly in the upper and middle reaches of the basin. In contrast, the area of cropland initially increased and then decreased, with changes occurring in the middle and lower reaches. The LUCC was influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Climatic factors and population contributed significantly to LUCC, and the importance values of evapotranspiration, precipitation, temperature, and population were 22.12%, 32.41%, 21.89%, and 19.65%, respectively. Moreover, policy interventions also played an important role. Land use and cover in the Shiyang River Basin exhibited fluctuating changes over the past 30 years, with the ecological environment improving in the last 10 years. This suggests that governance efforts in the study area have had some effects, and the government can continue to move in this direction in the future. The findings can provide crucial insights for related research and regional sustainable development in the Shiyang River Basin and other similar arid and semi-arid areas.

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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
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