Inside out: Addressing the “how” of data collection in experience design research applying introspective methods

Introspective (or first-person) methods are carving out their niche in experience design research. Relevant epistemological conversations in recent years have led experience design researchers to appreciate the value of “researcher as subject” in understanding nuanced, rich, felt human experiences mediated by designs. However, there is still a clear need for more detailed guidance on how to employ introspective methods for experience design research. This existing gap in practical application often leads to inconsistent or inconsiderate use, especially among design researchers new to these methods. To address this, this paper explores various ways design researchers can collect introspective data. We conducted a systematic review of 118 articles, each employing or developing introspective methods in some form, published by reputable design research venues from 2012 to 2022. Our analysis offers a comprehensive and organized overview of six categories of introspective data collection techniques and the supportive tools for each. Additionally, we reflect on the current use of introspective methods in experience design research and propose five recommendations for future methodological development. We aspire for this paper to serve as a timely, go-to guide for introspective design researchers, and to promote a more refined and thoughtful application of introspective methods in our field.