利用补充灌溉减少马铃薯块茎产量的年际变化

IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Yefang Jiang, Tobin Stetson, John Phillips, Ana Kostic
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究调查了在潮湿气候条件下补充灌溉(SI)对马铃薯产量年变化及相关经济效益的影响。从 2019 年到 2022 年,每年在加拿大爱德华王子岛的四到五块田地进行田间试验。研究涉及四种不同的处理方法:雨水灌溉生产作为对照组、按照常规方法灌溉、在土壤水分监测指导下灌溉以及在土壤水分监测指导下灌溉并减少 20% 化肥投入。虽然使用了六种常见的赤褐色马铃薯栽培品种,但所有地点都遵循了当地的标准栽培方法。2019 年,SI 大幅提高了可销售产量(MY),这主要归功于从 7 月延续到 8 月初的干旱期。同样,在 2020 年,由于生长季的降雨量大大低于马铃薯植株的最佳需水量,可持续农业导致可销售产量大幅提高。相反,在 2021 年和 2022 年,当降雨量相对充足且分布均匀时,农户要么不灌溉,要么采用最低灌溉率,因此对多年平均产量的影响微乎其微。节水灌溉带来的块茎增产随降雨量的变化而变化,因此每年都有波动。跨年度比较显示,可持续灌溉能有效缓解块茎产量的年度波动。成本效益分析表明,从长远来看,采用灌溉增产来最大限度地减少块茎产量的年度波动既可能有利可图,也可能无利可图,这取决于与灌溉设备、供水系统、操作方面、田间规模和降雨分布有关的成本。这些发现对指导湿润环境下马铃薯生产的水资源管理决策具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Reducing Yearly Variation In Potato Tuber Yield Using Supplemental Irrigation

Reducing Yearly Variation In Potato Tuber Yield Using Supplemental Irrigation

This study investigated the influence of supplemental irrigation (SI) on yearly variation in potato yield and associated economics in a humid climate. On-farm trials were conducted in four to five fields annually in Prince Edward Island, Canada from 2019 to 2022. The research involved four different treatments: rainfed production as the control group, irrigation following conventional practices, irrigation guided by soil moisture monitoring, and irrigation guided by soil moisture monitoring coupled with a 20% reduction in fertilizer input. While six commonly-grown russet potato cultivars were used, local standard cultural practices were followed at all sites. In 2019 SI significantly increased marketable yields (MY), which was primarily attributed to a drought period that extended from July to early August. Similarly, in 2020 SI led to a substantial rise in MY due to growing season rainfall being significantly lower than the optimal water demand for the potato plant. Conversely, in 2021 and 2022, when rainfall was relatively sufficient and evenly distributed, farmers either refrained from irrigating or employed minimal irrigation rates, resulting in negligible MY responses. Tuber yield increase as a result of SI varied with rainfall and thus fluctuated yearly. Cross-year comparisons revealed that SI can effectively mitigate annual fluctuations in tuber yield. A cost–benefit analysis indicated that employing SI to minimize yearly variation in tuber yield can be either profitable or unprofitable in the long term, and is contingent on the costs linked to irrigation equipment, the water supply system, operational aspects, field scale, and rainfall distribution. These findings hold significance for guiding decisions in water management for potato production in humid environments.

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来源期刊
Potato Research
Potato Research AGRONOMY-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.90%
发文量
66
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Potato Research, the journal of the European Association for Potato Research (EAPR), promotes the exchange of information on all aspects of this fast-evolving global industry. It offers the latest developments in innovative research to scientists active in potato research. The journal includes authoritative coverage of new scientific developments, publishing original research and review papers on such topics as: Molecular sciences; Breeding; Physiology; Pathology; Nematology; Virology; Agronomy; Engineering and Utilization.
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