在价格和气候压力下优化牧场牲畜放牧的经济效益

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Shanelle Trail , Maryfrances Miller , Frank A. Ward
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在世界许多地方,牲畜放牧是牧场生态系统最重要的经济用途。大量文献研究了经济上最优或生态上可持续的牲畜放牧计划。本文对这些文献的贡献在于开发和应用了一个经验数学编程模型,用于优化牧场生态系统的牲畜放牧经济效益,适用于各种植被生物群落、饲料生产力水平和经济条件。该模型经过校准,复制了部分县的历史观测数据,其中收入优化模型的预测结果与全县牧草、牲畜表现、放牧压力、存栏水平和净收入的可用数据相匹配。结果显示了气候压力和经济条件如何影响美国西部山间和地中海地区六个县在 18 种观测条件和 126 种潜在条件下对放养率和纯收入的经济优化选择。虽然研究结果显示了该地区大量条件下的优化结果,但只要能获得模型所需的数据,本文所开发的方法就有可能应用于全球的牧场生态系统。建模结果为牧场主、科学家和决策者提供了洞察力和实用性,他们都在寻求经济上最优的牧场生态系统结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Optimizing Economic Performance of Rangeland Livestock Grazing Under Price and Climate Stressors

Livestock grazing is the most economically important use of rangeland ecosystems in many parts of the world. An extensive body of literature has investigated livestock grazing plans that are economically optimal or ecologically sustainable. This paper's contribution to the literature is development and application of an empirical mathematical programming model for optimizing the economic performance of livestock grazing on rangeland ecosystems for a wide array of vegetation biomes, forage productivity levels, and economic conditions. The model is calibrated to replicate historically observed data for select counties, in which predictions of the income optimization model match available data on county-wide forage, animal performance, grazing pressure, stocking level, and net income. Results show how climate stress and economic conditions affect the economically optimized choice of stocking rates and net income for 18 observed conditions and 126 potential conditions for six counties in the Intermountain West and Mediterranean western US. While findings show optimized outcomes for a large set of conditions in that region, the methods developed here have potential application to rangeland ecosystems internationally wherever data required by the model can be secured. The modeling results provide insight and utility for ranchers, scientists, and policymakers who seek economically optimal rangeland ecosystem outcomes.

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来源期刊
Rangeland Ecology & Management
Rangeland Ecology & Management 农林科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
13.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Rangeland Ecology & Management publishes all topics-including ecology, management, socioeconomic and policy-pertaining to global rangelands. The journal''s mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of science-based information to promote sound rangeland stewardship. Author submissions are published in five manuscript categories: original research papers, high-profile forum topics, concept syntheses, as well as research and technical notes. Rangelands represent approximately 50% of the Earth''s land area and provision multiple ecosystem services for large human populations. This expansive and diverse land area functions as coupled human-ecological systems. Knowledge of both social and biophysical system components and their interactions represent the foundation for informed rangeland stewardship. Rangeland Ecology & Management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands.
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