百岁老人的自身免疫。一个悖论

IF 4.7 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Juan-Manuel Anaya , Ivan David Lozada-Martinez , Isaura Torres , Yehuda Shoenfeld
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自身免疫性疾病(ADs)是慢性病中的一种,给全世界带来了沉重的疾病负担和医疗费用。年龄是自身免疫性疾病发病的关键风险因素。从理论上推断,随着机体和免疫系统的衰老,免疫耐受性和免疫活动特异性的丧失会越来越强烈,自身免疫的概率也会越来越高。然而,有这样一群人,尽管他们的生理已经衰老,但自身免疫性疾病的发病率却很低,甚至根本不发病。自身免疫的这一悖论引发了人们的疑问。百岁老人(100 岁以上的老人)可能是人类生物衰老最成功的典范。这些人中的大多数都表现出良好的健康表型。迄今为止,尽管这一悖论可为了解自身免疫相关的风险或保护因素、生物驱动因素和生物标志物提供有价值的原始相关信息,但全球仍缺乏解释这一现象的原始数据证据和潜在假说。在此,我们将讨论一些可能解释百岁老人不患注意力缺失症的假说,包括炎症衰老、免疫衰老和免疫恢复力、免疫系统过度刺激、蛋白动力学和遗传学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Autoimmunity in centenarians. A paradox

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are one of the groups of chronic illnesses that impose a significant burden of disease and health costs worldwide. Age is a crucial risk factor for the onset of ADs. Theoretically, it is inferred that with organic and immune system aging, the loss of immune tolerance and specificity of immune activity becomes more intense, the probability of autoimmunity is increasing. However, there is a group of individuals whose prevalence of ADs is very low or non-existent, despite the biological aging. This paradox in autoimmunity raises questions. Centenarians, individuals who are over 100 years old, are possibly the most successful model of biological aging in humans. Most of these individuals exhibit a favorable health phenotype. To date, primary data evidence and potential hypotheses explaining this phenomenon are lacking globally, even though this paradox could provide valuable, original, and relevant information regarding the understanding of risk or protective factors, biological drivers, and biomarkers related to autoimmunity. Herein we discuss some hypothesis that may explain the absence of ADs in centenarians, including inflammaging, immunosenescence and immune resilience, immune system hyperstimulation, proteodynamics, and genetics.

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来源期刊
Journal of Translational Autoimmunity
Journal of Translational Autoimmunity Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
2.60%
发文量
33
审稿时长
55 days
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