形而上学的解释:单子集案例再探

IF 0.6 3区 哲学 Q4 SOCIOLOGY
THEORIA Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1111/theo.12511
Kai Michael Büttner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

许多当代形而上学家认为,苏格拉底这样一个或然物的存在可以形而上学地解释相应集合{苏格拉底}的存在。本文认为这种观点是错误的。本文提出的论证采用了两难的形式。{苏格拉底}"这一表述是 "包含所有且仅包含那些与苏格拉底相同的对象的集合 "这一表述或 "包含苏格拉底而不包含任何其他对象的集合 "这一表述的简称。然而,苏格拉底的存在并不能解释包含所有且仅包含那些与苏格拉底相同的对象的集合的存在,因为无论苏格拉底是否存在,都存在这样一个集合。虽然苏格拉底的存在确实解释了包含苏格拉底而不包含其他东西的集合的存在,但这种解释是概念性的,而不是形而上学的。这两种说法都依赖于对集合论词汇使用的一种通货紧缩的解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metaphysical explanations: The case of singleton sets revisited
Many contemporary metaphysicians believe that the existence of a contingent object such as Socrates metaphysically explains the existence of the corresponding set {Socrates}. This paper argues that this belief is mistaken. The argument proposed takes the form of a dilemma. The expression “{Socrates}” is a shorthand either for the expression “the set that contains all and only those objects that are identical to Socrates” or for the expression “the set that contains Socrates and nothing else”. However, Socrates' existence does not explain the existence of the set that contains all and only those objects that are identical to Socrates, because there is such a set no matter whether or not Socrates exists. And although Socrates' existence does explain that of the set that contains Socrates and nothing else, this explanation is a conceptual rather than a metaphysical one. Both these claims rely on a deflationary account of the use of set theoretic vocabulary that is explained, though not properly justified, in the paper.
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来源期刊
THEORIA
THEORIA SOCIOLOGY-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: Since its foundation in 1935, Theoria publishes research in all areas of philosophy. Theoria is committed to precision and clarity in philosophical discussions, and encourages cooperation between philosophy and other disciplines. The journal is not affiliated with any particular school or faction. Instead, it promotes dialogues between different philosophical viewpoints. Theoria is peer-reviewed. It publishes articles, reviews, and shorter notes and discussions. Short discussion notes on recent articles in Theoria are welcome.
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