{"title":"利用纤维素与依替膦酸铵的磷化反应制备耐用阻燃棉织物并确定其特性","authors":"Won-Guk Choe, Wi-Phyong Kung, Yong-Man Jang, Pom Choe, Chung-Guk Choe, Chol-Jun Yu","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01287-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing an effective flame retardant for cotton is urgently needed to minimize the life and property loss caused by fire hazard. Here, diphosphonate system flame retardant, the ammonium salt of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (AHEDPA) is obtained by reacting urea with etidronic acid (or HEDPA), which is newly synthesized from acetic acid, phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorous acid. We predicted the suitable conditions of phosphorylation reaction for enhancing grafting rate of AHEDPA on cotton fibers, and revealed the mechanism of reaction using dicyandiamide as an accelerant. Through the Fourier transform infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy analysis, it was found that AHEDPA with P = O(ONH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub> functional groups could be combined with –OH groups of cellulose, creating the P−O−C and P−NH<sub>2</sub> bonds. Limiting oxygen index, vertical flame test and cone calorimetric measurements were carried out on the untreated and treated cotton fabric samples with AHEDPA at different concentrations, demonstrating that the flame retardant cotton fabric with excellent washing durability were successfully obtained. Through the thermogravimetric analysis, it was confirmed that the cotton fabrics treated with AHEDPA exhibited a promotion of dehydration in cellulose and thus an increase of char formation rate, thereby protecting the substrate (cotton) from heat and fuel. The newly proposed method could enhance the grafting rate of cotton and remarkably improved the flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabrics, highlighting a wide prospect in production of flame retardant clothes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Preparation and characterization of durable flame retardant cotton fabrics using phosphorylation reaction of cellulose with ammonium etidronate\",\"authors\":\"Won-Guk Choe, Wi-Phyong Kung, Yong-Man Jang, Pom Choe, Chung-Guk Choe, Chol-Jun Yu\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13726-024-01287-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Developing an effective flame retardant for cotton is urgently needed to minimize the life and property loss caused by fire hazard. Here, diphosphonate system flame retardant, the ammonium salt of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (AHEDPA) is obtained by reacting urea with etidronic acid (or HEDPA), which is newly synthesized from acetic acid, phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorous acid. We predicted the suitable conditions of phosphorylation reaction for enhancing grafting rate of AHEDPA on cotton fibers, and revealed the mechanism of reaction using dicyandiamide as an accelerant. Through the Fourier transform infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy analysis, it was found that AHEDPA with P = O(ONH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub> functional groups could be combined with –OH groups of cellulose, creating the P−O−C and P−NH<sub>2</sub> bonds. Limiting oxygen index, vertical flame test and cone calorimetric measurements were carried out on the untreated and treated cotton fabric samples with AHEDPA at different concentrations, demonstrating that the flame retardant cotton fabric with excellent washing durability were successfully obtained. Through the thermogravimetric analysis, it was confirmed that the cotton fabrics treated with AHEDPA exhibited a promotion of dehydration in cellulose and thus an increase of char formation rate, thereby protecting the substrate (cotton) from heat and fuel. The newly proposed method could enhance the grafting rate of cotton and remarkably improved the flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabrics, highlighting a wide prospect in production of flame retardant clothes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":601,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Iranian Polymer Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Iranian Polymer Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13726-024-01287-9\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"POLYMER SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Polymer Journal","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13726-024-01287-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Preparation and characterization of durable flame retardant cotton fabrics using phosphorylation reaction of cellulose with ammonium etidronate
Developing an effective flame retardant for cotton is urgently needed to minimize the life and property loss caused by fire hazard. Here, diphosphonate system flame retardant, the ammonium salt of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (AHEDPA) is obtained by reacting urea with etidronic acid (or HEDPA), which is newly synthesized from acetic acid, phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorous acid. We predicted the suitable conditions of phosphorylation reaction for enhancing grafting rate of AHEDPA on cotton fibers, and revealed the mechanism of reaction using dicyandiamide as an accelerant. Through the Fourier transform infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy analysis, it was found that AHEDPA with P = O(ONH4+)2 functional groups could be combined with –OH groups of cellulose, creating the P−O−C and P−NH2 bonds. Limiting oxygen index, vertical flame test and cone calorimetric measurements were carried out on the untreated and treated cotton fabric samples with AHEDPA at different concentrations, demonstrating that the flame retardant cotton fabric with excellent washing durability were successfully obtained. Through the thermogravimetric analysis, it was confirmed that the cotton fabrics treated with AHEDPA exhibited a promotion of dehydration in cellulose and thus an increase of char formation rate, thereby protecting the substrate (cotton) from heat and fuel. The newly proposed method could enhance the grafting rate of cotton and remarkably improved the flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabrics, highlighting a wide prospect in production of flame retardant clothes.
期刊介绍：
Iranian Polymer Journal, a monthly peer-reviewed international journal, provides a continuous forum for the dissemination of the original research and latest advances made in science and technology of polymers, covering diverse areas of polymer synthesis, characterization, polymer physics, rubber, plastics and composites, processing and engineering, biopolymers, drug delivery systems and natural polymers to meet specific applications. Also contributions from nano-related fields are regarded especially important for its versatility in modern scientific development.
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