枸橼酸化及其不满:黄色是炼金术变化的标志。

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Ambix Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI:10.1080/00026980.2024.2309059
Jennifer M Rampling
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引用次数: 0

摘要

炼金术文本中描述的许多 "标志和标记 "都与颜色有关,从象征腐烂的乌鸦喙到伪装成绿狮、红龙和灰狼的哲学溶剂。虽然变黄或柠檬酸化过程经常出现在中世纪的配方中,但与人们更熟悉的变黑、变白或变红过程相比,评论家们似乎对其兴趣不大。然而,除了这些经典的颜色之外,在炼金术及其相关的工艺实践中,无论是拉丁文文本还是白话翻译,黄度都是无处不在的。本文以十五世纪和十六世纪的英格兰为研究对象,利用资料批判和实验重构的方法,探讨了黄颜色在炼金术开始、中期和结束时所扮演的角色。作为起始成分,黄矾和石灰提供了嬗变的可能性,但也带来了鉴别和制备方面的问题。作为中间阶段,黄澄澄的颜色变化剧烈,产品出人意料,预示着未来的成功。但黄度本身也是一种目的,这一点可以从食谱集中许多旨在模仿黄金特性的柠檬酸化工艺中看出--这表明在不同的工艺实践领域,黄度被视为化学变化的重要指标而备受推崇。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Citrination and its Discontents: Yellow as a Sign of Alchemical Change.

Many of the "signs and tokens" described in alchemical texts relate to colour, from the Crow's Bill signifying putrefaction to the philosophical solvents disguised as Green Lions, Red Dragons, and Grey Wolves. While the process of yellowing, or citrination, often appears in medieval recipes, it seems to have interested commentators less than the more familiar processes of blackening, whitening, or reddening. Yet beyond these canonical colours, yellowness turns out to be ubiquitous in alchemy and its associated craft practices, both in Latin texts and vernacular translations. This paper uses source criticism and experimental reconstruction to interrogate the role of yellowness at the beginning, middle, and end of practice, focusing on fifteenth- and sixteenth-century England. As starting ingredients, yellow vitriol and litharge offered the potential for transmutation but also posed problems for identification and preparation. As an intermediate stage, yellowness offered promising signs of future success, in the form of dramatic colour changes and unexpected products. But yellowness also offered an end in itself, as appears from the many citrination processes attested in recipe collections which aimed to imitate the properties of gold - suggesting that yellowing was prized as a significant indicator of chemical change across diverse areas of craft practice.

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来源期刊
Ambix
Ambix HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
60.00%
发文量
42
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ambix is an internationally recognised, peer-reviewed quarterly journal devoted to publishing high-quality, original research and book reviews in the intellectual, social and cultural history of alchemy and chemistry. It publishes studies, discussions, and primary sources relevant to the historical experience of all areas related to alchemy and chemistry covering all periods (ancient to modern) and geographical regions. Ambix publishes individual papers, focused thematic sections and larger special issues (either single or double and usually guest-edited). Topics covered by Ambix include, but are not limited to, interactions between alchemy and chemistry and other disciplines; chemical medicine and pharmacy; molecular sciences; practices allied to material, instrumental, institutional and visual cultures; environmental chemistry; the chemical industry; the appearance of alchemy and chemistry within popular culture; biographical and historiographical studies; and the study of issues related to gender, race, and colonial experience within the context of chemistry.
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