暴力极端主义对地方冲突的影响:马里、布基纳法索和尼日尔之间的异同

IF 0.8 Q2 AREA STUDIES
Eun Kyung Kim, Kwang-Su Kim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有关非洲暴力极端主义的研究认为,圣战叛乱分子利用种族间的裂痕和当地人的不满情绪来招募人员并获得该地区的支持,因为这种政治动员会导致族群间的冲突和暴力升级。另一方面,地方民兵,尤其是那些得到政府援助的民兵,会煽动反政府恐怖分子的行为。利用武装冲突地点和事件数据集(ACLED),我们探讨了圣战分子和民兵的袭击在哪个时间段和地区层面会影响彼此的暴行,以及在三个萨赫勒法语国家--马里、布基纳法索和尼日尔--的影响有何不同。我们发现,民兵(或圣战分子)的暴力行为往往是对恐怖袭击(或民兵运动)的反应,而不是同时发生或相互对抗。更具体地说,在马里和布基纳法索,圣战叛乱分子和当地民兵的暴力事件在一周内对次区域行政单位的暴力事件产生了相互加剧的影响,这种情况在马里最为严重。此外,一项跨国分析的结果表明,本土因素,包括恐怖组织之间的竞争、政府对恐怖主义的反应以及自卫民兵的意图和决心,可能会影响圣战分子如何利用分裂以及少数民族民兵对极端分子构成的日益严峻的挑战来加剧局势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effect of Violent Extremism on Local Conflicts and Vice Versa: Differences and Similarities among Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger
Research on violent extremism in Africa argues that jihadi insurgents exploit inter-ethnic cleavages and local grievances in order to recruit and gain support from the region because such political mobilisation leads to an escalation of clashes and violence among communal groups. On the other hand, local militias, especially those aided by governments, incite acts of anti-government terrorists. Using the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED) data set, we explore at which duration-area level the jihadist and militia attacks affect each other’s atrocities and how the effects vary in three Francophone Sahelian countries—Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. We find that violent acts by militias (or jihadists) tend to be reactive to terrorist attacks (or militia movements) rather than happening concurrently or against one another. More specifically, violent incidents by jihadi insurgents and local militias have an aggravating effect on each other’s violent acts in sub-regional administrative units over a week at the highest rate in Mali and Burkina Faso. Further, results from a cross-country analysis suggest that homegrown factors, including terrorist group rivalry, government responses to terrorism and self-defence militias’ intentions and determination, might affect how the jihadists’ exploitation of the cleavages and the growing challenges posed by ethnic militias to the extremists exacerbate the situation.
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来源期刊
Insight on Africa
Insight on Africa AREA STUDIES-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: nsight on Africa is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering contemporary African affairs and issues of policy relevance. It focuses on, though not confined to, foreign policies and developmental issues of African countries. The journal specially encourages article submission on issues related to emerging powers in Africa, BRICS in Africa and Afro-Asian relations. The journal is owned by African Studies Association of India (ASA India) located at Centre for African Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and its publication is managed by Policy Research Institute of African Studies Association (PRIASA) based in New Delhi.
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