Histopathology and molecular pathology confirmed a diagnosis of atypical Caroli’s syndrome: a case report

Caroli’s syndrome is a congenital disease characterized by dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts and congenital hepatic fibrosis. It is a rare condition in clinical work. Typically, the diagnosis of this disease is confirmed through medical imaging. Here, we report a case of atypical Caroli’s syndrome in a patient who presented with recurrent upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. The patient underwent imaging examinations, liver biopsy and whole exome sequencing. The results of the imaging examination were non-specific. However, with the aid of pathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with Caroli’s syndrome. In conclusion, for cases where the imaging presentation of Caroli’s syndrome is inconclusive, an accurate diagnosis should rely on pathology. By discussing this specific case, our aim is to enhance readers' understanding of this disease, provide valuable information that can aid in the early detection and appropriate management of Caroli’s syndrome, ultimately improving patient outcomes.