利用 PlanetScope 图像绘制火山矿床地图

Maddalena Dozzo, G. Ganci, Federico Lucchi, Simona Scollo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在火山爆发期间,火山碎屑是主要的火山危害之一,对空中交通、基础设施和人类健康极为危险。在此,我们提出了一种新技术,旨在通过处理 PlanetScope 图像来识别爆炸事件后被火山碎屑覆盖的区域。我们估算了可见光(RGB)和近红外(NIR)波段的平均反射率值,分析了特定区域爆发前和爆发后的数据,并引入了一个新的指数,我们称之为 "火山灰沉降指数(TFI)"。我们使用谷歌地球引擎计算平台,并为不同喷发事件的 TFI 定义了一个阈值,以区分受凝灰岩沉降影响的区域,并量化地表覆盖密度。我们将这一技术应用于 2021 年发生在意大利埃特纳火山的喷发事件,这些事件主要涉及火山的东侧,有时一天之内会发生两到三次,给实地勘测带来了困难。只要有可能,我们就会将我们的结果与实地数据进行比较,并找到最佳匹配。这项工作可能对火山爆发期间近乎实时的短期火山危害评估的识别和量化具有重要意义,同时也对全球其他危害事件的测绘具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploiting PlanetScope Imagery for Volcanic Deposits Mapping
During explosive eruptions, tephra fallout represents one of the main volcanic hazards and can be extremely dangerous for air traffic, infrastructures, and human health. Here, we present a new technique aimed at identifying the area covered by tephra after an explosive event, based on processing PlanetScope imagery. We estimate the mean reflectance values of the visible (RGB) and near infrared (NIR) bands, analyzing pre- and post-eruptive data in specific areas and introducing a new index, which we call the ‘Tephra Fallout Index (TFI)’. We use the Google Earth Engine computing platform and define a threshold for the TFI of different eruptive events to distinguish the areas affected by the tephra fallout and quantify the surface coverage density. We apply our technique to the eruptive events occurring in 2021 at Mt. Etna (Italy), which mainly involved the eastern flank of the volcano, sometimes two or three times within a day, making field surveys difficult. Whenever possible, we compare our results with field data and find an optimal match. This work could have important implications for the identification and quantification of short-term volcanic hazard assessments in near real-time during a volcanic eruption, but also for the mapping of other hazardous events worldwide.
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