路易斯安那松蛇(Pituophis ruthveni)的眼部超声波检查和局部应用罗库溴铵的效果

Ellis M. Wright, Javier G. Nevarez, Chin-Chi Liu, Andrew C Lewin, Corinne Mayer, Laken Russell, Renee T. Carter
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摘要

路易斯安那松蛇(Pituophis ruthveni)是一种濒危物种,其分布范围仅限于路易斯安那州和得克萨斯州的部分地区。目前已有旨在帮助该物种恢复的人工繁殖计划。因此,获取有助于保持其健康的信息,如完整的眼部检查,是保护工作的关键组成部分。蛇类眼后节的检查具有挑战性,因为蛇类眼后节存在条纹状葡萄膜肌肉组织,对抗胆碱能药物反应迟钝,而且眼镜的存在可能会对局部迷药造成障碍。本研究的目的是利用超声波造影术(US)记录该物种的正常眼部生物测量值(眼球轴长(AP)、晶状体厚度(LT)和玻璃体腔深度(VCD)),并评估局部使用罗库溴铵(RB)溶液(1 滴和 2 滴方案,分别为 20 μl 和 40 μl)对眼底无创检查的影响。然后将眼部生物计量测量结果与形态计量数据相关联,包括鼻腔长度(SVL)、尾长(TL)、总体长(SVL + TL)、性别和体况评分(BCS)。我们发现,使用 8-18 兆赫线性阵列探头进行 US 扫描可提供足够的图像质量来测量所有蛇类(n = 8)的上述参数,而且形态测量数据与眼部生物 US 测量值之间没有显著相关性(P > 0.05)。使用 1 滴或 2 滴方案,将 RB 溶液局部涂抹在健康、完整的眼镜上,在同一群体的一个子集(n = 6)中均未诱发瞳孔散大(P > 0.05)。总之,眼部 US 可以用作路易斯安那松蛇的非侵入性诊断工具,还需要进一步研究来评估诱导该物种瞳孔散大的非侵入性方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ocular Ultrasonography and Effect of Topically Applied Rocuronium Bromide in Louisiana Pine Snakes (Pituophis ruthveni)
Louisiana pine snakes (Pituophis ruthveni) are a threatened species with a range limited to portions of Louisiana and Texas. There are captive reproduction programs that aim to assist in the recovery of this species. Therefore, obtaining information that can aid in maintaining their health, such as a complete ocular examination, is a critical component in conservation efforts. Examination of the snake ocular posterior segment is challenging due to the presence of striated uveal musculature which is unresponsive to anticholinergic agents, and the presence of the spectacle which may create a barrier to topical mydriatics. The objectives of this study were to document normal ocular biometric measurements (axial globe length (AP), lens thickness (LT) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD)) in this species using ultrasonography (US) and to assess the effects of topically applied rocuronium bromide (RB) solution (1- and 2-drop protocol, 20 μl and 40 μl, respectively) to facilitate non-invasive examination of the fundus. The ocular biometric measurements were then correlated to morphometric data including snout-vent length (SVL), tail length (TL), total body length (SVL + TL), sex and body condition score (BCS). We found that US, using an 8-18 MHz linear array probe, provided adequate image quality to measure the above parameters in all snakes (n = 8), and that there were no significant correlations between the morphometric data and ocular biometric US measurements (P > 0.05). RB solution applied topically to the healthy, intact spectacle did not induce mydriasis in a subset of this same population (n = 6) (P > 0.05) using either the 1- or 2-drop protocol. In conclusion, ocular US can be utilized as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in Louisiana pine snakes and further studies are needed to evaluate non-invasive methods of inducing mydriasis in this species.
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